Enterprise Architecture IT Infrastructure An Evolving Art and Science to Bridge Business and IT Vision and Reality Minder Chen Ph D CSU Channel Islands Martin V Smith School of Business and Economics Minder Chen CSUCI EDU Big Picture Need Resilience Flexibility Opportunism Context Business Strategy Focus Processized Analysis Vocabulary Metrics Business Processes Drivers People Process Information Relationships IT Strategy Focus Governance Portfolio Architecture Sourcing Approach Business Capabilities Minder Chen 1995 2011 IT Solutions Cost Value Analysis EA and IT Infrastructure 2 BSP Business Systems Planning Resource Lifecycle Requirements Acquisition Stewardship Disposition Planning Minder Chen 1995 2011 Control EA and IT Infrastructure 3 Resource Life Cycle Summary Data Planning Acquisition Planning data Minder Chen 1995 2011 Stewardship Control Usage Transaction data Disposal Transaction data EA and IT Infrastructure 4 Four Stage Life Cycle of Functions to Support Products and Services of an Organization 4 Stage LC Planning AcquisitionStewardship Disposal Data generated Planning data Create Transaction data Create Transaction data R U Transaction data Delete Material Material req planning Procurement Warehousing inventory control Selling Education Curriculum planning Course sched enroll Performance grad checking Student graduation People Human res planning Recruiting Training Promotion Eval Retirement Termination Equipment Capacity planning Equipment purchase Maintenance and repair Equipment disposal Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 5 Zackman Framework Minder Chen 1995 2011 Source http www zifa com framework pdf EA and IT Infrastructure 6 Methodology Lifecycle Via Heap Map Source IBM Component Business Model Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 7 Component Business Model Dynamic capability is defined as the firm s ability to integrate build and reconfigure internal and external competences to address rapidly changing environments The basic assumption of the dynamic capabilities framework is that today s fast changing markets force firms to respond quickly and to be innovative Agile sense and respond reconfiguration modularization Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 8 The 5 Dimensions of a Business Component IBM Component Business Model Resource Based View Daft 1983 says firm resources include all assets capabilities organizational processes firm attributes information knowledge etc controlled by a firm that enable the firm to conceive of and implement strategies that improve its efficiency and effectiveness Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 9 Heat Map Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 10 IT Infrastructure The hardware software and telecommunication networking systems or equipment together provide the underlying foundation to support the organization s goals Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 11 IT Infrastructure Cost allocation Source CISR Working Paper 329 Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 12 Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 13 Stages in IT Infrastructure Evolution Mainframe Mini Computers 60 70s Personal Computer 80s Client Sever Computing 90s Internet computing Web based enterprise applications Late 90s Cloud Computing Mobile computing Mid 2000s Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 14 Web based IT Infrastructure WWW HTTP TCP IP Internet User Interface App Process Data Software Applications Browsers DBMS Run dynamic business logic components Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 15 Mobile Device Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 16 Mobile Computing Source 2011 9 28 Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 17 Technology drivers of infrastructure evolution Moore s law and micro processing power Computing power doubles every 18 months 2 years Nanotechnology May shrink size of transistors to width of several atoms Contrary factors Heat dissipation needs power consumption concerns Law of Mass Digital Storage The amount of data being stored each year doubles Metcalfe s Law and network economics Value or power of a network grows exponentially as a function of the number of network members As network members increase more people want to use it demand for network access increases http www emc com collateral demos microsites idc digital universe iview htm Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 18 Advancing Rates of Technology Silicon Storage Telecom Smaller faster cheaper Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 19 Data Volume 210 1028 Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 20 Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 21 Things rnet of The Int e Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 22 Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 23 http en wikipedia org wiki Cost per impression CPM cost per thousand page impressions Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 24 Platform Continuum On Premises Servers Bring your own machines connectivity software etc Complete control Complete responsibility Static capabilities Upfront capital costs for the infrastructure Minder Chen 1995 2011 Hoste d Server s Renting machines connectivity software Less control Fewer responsibilities Lower capital costs More flexible Pay for fixed Cloud Platform Shared multi tenant infrastructure Virtualized dynamic Scalable available Abstracted from the infrastructure Higher level services Pay as you go EA and IT Infrastructure 25 Software as a service SaaS http www salesforce com PaaS Google AppEngine http aws amazon com Minder Chen 1995 2011 Amazon s EC2 Elastic Compute Cloud EA and IT Infrastructure 26 Definition of Cloud Computing The NIST definition of cloud computing Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient on demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources e g networks servers storage applications and services that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction The ability for end users to utilize parts of bulk resources and that these resources Minder Chen 1995 2011 EA and IT Infrastructure 27 Characteristics of Cloud Services NIST identifies several characteristics for a service to be considered Cloud On demand self service The ability for an end user to sign up and receive services without the long delays that have characterized traditional IT Broad network access Ability to access the service via standard platforms desktop laptop mobile