Jonathan Swift 1667-1745Jonathan SwiftSlide 3Slide 4Gulliver’s Travels Book IV, Chapter 1Slide 6Slide 7Gulliver’s Travels Book IV, Chapter 1Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Gulliver’s Travels Book IV, Chapter 2Slide 13Gulliver’s Travels Book IV, Chapter 3Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Gulliver’s Travels Book IV, Chapter 4Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Gulliver’s Travels Book IV, Chapter 5Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31Slide 32Gulliver’s Travels Book IV, Chapter 6Slide 34Slide 35Slide 36Slide 37Jonathan Swift1667-1745Jonathan SwiftGulliver’s Travels : Book IV Gulliver’s crew mutinies and puts him ashore on an unknown islandJonathan SwiftGulliver’s Travels : Book IV Gulliver’s crew mutinies and puts him ashore on an unknown islandThe island turns out to be inhabited by the “Houyhnhnms”--creatures who look like horses but are more civilized and intelligent than humans, in Gulliver’s viewJonathan SwiftGulliver’s Travels : Book IV Gulliver’s crew mutinies and puts him ashore on an unknown islandThe island turns out to be inhabited by the “Houyhnhnms”--creatures who look like horses but are more civilized and intelligent than humans, in Gulliver’s viewThe island also has “Yahoos”—creatures who look like humans but are sub-human in intelligence, savage and disgustingGulliver’s TravelsBook IV, Chapter 1After a period of rest from his most recent adventure, Gulliver goes to sea again, this time as the captain of a merchant shipMany of his crew die of “calentures” (tropical fevers); he gets more recruits from BarbadosGulliver’s crew mutinies and puts him ashore on an unknown islandHe sets off to discover the island, carrying in his pockets some trinkets:I went up into the country, resolving to deliver myself to the first savages I should meet, and purchase my life from them by some bracelets, glass rings, and other toys, which sailors usually provide themselves with in these voyages. (Longman Anthology, 2543)Gulliver’s TravelsBook IV, Chapter 1He first encounters some strange and disgusting creatures (the yahoos): At last I beheld several Animals in a Field, and one or two of the same kind sitting in Trees. Their Shape was very singular and deformed, which a little discomposed me, so that I lay down behind a Thicket to observe them better. Some of them coming forward near the Place where I lay, gave me an Opportunity of distinctly marking their Form. Their Heads and Breasts were covered with a thick Hair, some frizzled and others lank; they had Beards like Goats, and a long ridge of Hair down their Backs and the fore-parts of their Legs and Feet, but the rest of their Bodies were bare, so that I might see their Skins, which were of a brown buff Colour. They had no Tails, nor any Hair at all on their Buttocks, except about the Anus; which, I presume, Nature had placed there to defend them as they sat on the Ground; for this Posture they used, as well as lying down, and often stood on their hind Feet.Gulliver’s TravelsBook IV, Chapter 1He first encounters some strange and disgusting creatures (the yahoos): Upon the whole, I never beheld in all my Travels so disagreeable an Animal, nor one against which I naturally conceived so strong an Antipathy. So that thinking I had seen enough, full of Contempt and aversion, I got up and pursued the beaten Road, hoping it might direct me to the Cabbin of some Indian. I had not got far when I met one of these Creatures full in my way, and coming up directly to me. The ugly Monster, when he saw me, distorted several ways every Feature of his Visage, and stared as at an Object he had never seen before; then approaching nearer, lifted up his Fore-paw, whether out of Curiosity or Mischief, I could not tell. But I drew my Hanger, and gave him a good Blow with the flat Side of it, for I durst not strike him with the Edge, fearing the Inhabitants might be provoked against me, if they should come to know, that I had killed or maimed any of their Cattle. (Longman Anthology, 2543)In the midst of this Distress, I observed them all to run away on a sudden as fast as they could, at which I ventured to leave the Tree, and pursue the Road, wondring what it was that could put them into this Fright. But looking on my Left-hand, I saw a Horse walking softly in the Field: which my Persecutors having sooner discovered, was the Cause of their Flight. The Horse started a little when he came near me, but soon recovering himself, looked full in my Face with manifest Tokens of Wonder: He viewed my Hands and Feet, walking round me several times. I would have pursued my Journey, but he placed himself directly in the way, yet looking with a very mild Aspect, never offering the least Violence. We stood gazing at each other for some time; at last I took the Boldness, to reach my Hand towards his Neck, with a Design to stroak it using the common Style and Whistle of Jockies when they are going to handle a strange Horse. But this Animal seeming to receive my Civilities with Disdain, shook his Head, and bent his Brows, softly raising up his right Fore-foot to remove my Hand. Then he neighed three or four times, but in so different a Cadence, that I almost began to think he was speaking to himself in some Language of his own. Gulliver’s TravelsBook IV, Chapter 1While he and I were thus employed, another Horse came up; who applying himself to the first in a very formal Manner, they gently struck each other's right Hoof before, neighing several times by turns, and varying the Sound, which seemed to be almost articulate. They went some Paces off, as if it were to confer together, walking Side by Side, backward and forward, like Persons deliberating upon some Affair of Weight, but often turning their Eyes towards me, as it were to watch that I might not escape. I was amazed to see such Actions and Behaviours in brute Beasts, and concluded with myself, that if the Inhabitants of this Country were endued with a proportionable Degree of Reason, they must needs be the wisest People upon Earth. (Longman Anthology, 2544)Gulliver’s TravelsBook IV, Chapter 1Upon the whole, the Behaviour of these Animals was so orderly and rational, so acute and judicious, that I at last concluded, they must needs be Magicians, who had thus metamorphosed themselves upon some design, and seeing a Stranger in the way, were resolved to divert themselves with him; or perhaps were really amazed at the sight of a Man so very