CHEN 304 1st Edition Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture I. Momentum BalancesII. Momentum ConversionOutline of Current Lecture I. Momentum BalancesII. Choosing a Control VolumeIII. Momentum TransferIV. ExamplesCurrent LectureChapter 2Momentum Balances-Μ=mvChoosing a Control Volume- When determining the reaction force acting on a tripod holding the nozzle of a hose, a natural choice for the control volume is one that passes perpendicularly through the nozzle exit flow and through the bottom of the tripod legs.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- When determining the thrust developed by the jet engine of an airplane cruising at constant velocity, a wise choice of control volume is one that encloses the airplane and cuts through the nozzle exit plane.- When analyzing the purging of exhaust gases from a reciprocating internal combustion engine, a wise choice for the control volume is one that comprises the space between the top of the piston and the cylinder headMomentum Transfer- By a forceoforce=momentumtimeo Caused by pressure, sheer stress, and gravity- By convectiono Control volume is moving with the carto Control volume is stationaryExample1. The force to hold a deflector elbow in place:a. A reducing elbow is used to deflect water flow at a rate of 14 kg/s in a horizontal pipe upward 30° while accelerating it. The elbow discharges water into the atmosphere. The cross-sectional area of the elbow is 113 cm2 at the inlet and 7 cm2 at the outlet. The elevation difference between the centers of the outlet and the inlet is 30 cm. The weight of the elbow and the water in it is considered to benegligible. Determine (a) the gage pressure at the center of the inlet of the elbowand (b) the anchoring force needed to hold the elbow in place.- Assumptionso Flow is steady stateo Frictional effects are negligibleo Water is discharged to the atmosphere- AnalysisoFx=m v2cosθ−m v1−P1A1oFz=mv2sinθ2. The force to hold a reversing elbow in placea. Consider a reversing elbow such that the fluid makes a 180° U-turn before it is discharged. The cross-sectional area of the elbow is 113 cm2 at the inlet and 7 cm2 at the outlet. The elevation difference between the centers of the inlet and the exit sections is still 0.3 m. Determine the anchoring force needed to hold the elbow in place.-Fx=−(m v1+P1A1+mv2)-Fz=0- Must use gauge pressure for momentum