Exam 2 Study Guide MARB 435 Phylum Porifera Vocabulary Define the following words without looking at your notes or outside sources Choanocytes Pinacocytes Asconoid Syconoid Leuconoid Filter feeder Bioerosion Gemmules True False Section Define rather the statement is true T or false F 1 Sponges are filter feeders 2 Sponges lack symmetry 3 Sponge tissues have basal lamina and intercellular junctions 4 There are five classes of sponges 5 Sponges produce a current by beating the choanocyte flagella 6 There are no carnivorous sponges 7 Sponges can be used as natural products 8 Sponges are not in the top ten of largest biomasses on tropical reefs 9 Only glass sponges use fused spicules to help rebuild reefs 10 Nearly 75 of the sponge reefs have already been destroyed Multiple Choice Choose the most appropriate answer choice for the question provided 1 The sponge tissue has a middle layer called the mesohyl that contains cells a Ameboid b Choanocyte c Spicule d Porocyte 2 Which sponge level of complexity has the largest surface to volume ratio and is the most complex a Leuconoid b Asconoid c Syconoid d None of the above 3 Which of the following is not a class of sponges a Hexactinellida b Chordata c Calcarea d Demospongiae 4 The Class Demospongiae has spiculues a Siliceous b Circular c Calcareous d All of the above 5 Sponges are organism which feed on plankton and small debris a Unicellular b Multicellular c Demospongiae d Both A B Short Answer Questions 1 Calcarea sponges have which three type of spicules 2 Demospongiae sponges represent how many sponge species in percentage 3 Hexactinellida have two missing tissue layers which are they 4 Many sponge supplement their nutrition by hosting what kind of symbionts 5 What kind of reproduction do sponges undergo Phylum Ctenophora Vocabulary Define the following words without looking at your notes or outside sources Cilia Actin Myosin Anima Pore Vegetal Pore Carnivorous Asexual reproduction Ctenes True False Define rather the statement is true T or false F 1 Phylum Ctenophore are commonly known as Comb Jellies 2 The extracellular matrix doesn t contain ameboid nerve and myocyte cells 3 Metazoans have epithelial and non epitheleal musculature 4 Ctenophores move by using their beating ctenes 5 The gastrovascular system has seven distinct parts 6 The ctenophore fossils extend to the Jurassic period 7 An invasive ctenophore is Mnemiopsis leidyi Multiple Choice Choose the most appropriate answer choice for the question provided 1 Ctenophores have comb rows that are arranged by individual a Ctenes b Collocytes c Shelths d Apical sense organs 2 Ctenophores use to acquire there prey a Myocytes b Nerve cells c Collocytes d Cnidocytes 3 Ctenophores have how many layers to their tissue a 1 b 2 c 3 d 4 4 Muscle contactions occur when actin and myosin filaments each other a Slide past b Twist around c Knot through d None of the above 5 Ctenophores don t feed on what a Crustaceans b Plankton c Smaller ctenophores d Cnidarians Short Answer Questions 1 Ctenophores have how many complete guts with how many anal pores 2 Mnemiopsis leidyi were introduced where and where have they spread too Hint Two seas 3 What are the two layers of the ctenophore epidermis tissue HINT Inner Outer Phylum Bilateria Vocabulary Define the following words without looking at your notes or outside sources Radial symmetry Bilateral symmetry Biradial symmetry Tetramerous symmetry Hexamerous radial symmetry Octamerous radial symmetry Pentameous radial symmetry Superficial Radial symmetry Secondary Bilateral symmetry True False Define rather the statement is true T or false F 1 Cephalization is the process of forming a head 2 Spiral and radial cleavage don t define bilateria symmetry 3 There are four main body cavity types 4 Dipoblastic germ layers defines an animal with two germ layers 5 Urea Sulfur and Ammonia are the three types or nitrogenous waste products 6 Urine is produced by the blastocoels 7 There are five steps for excretion Multiple Choice Choose the most appropriate answer choice for the question provided 1 The only metazoans without symmetry are a Sponges b Tape worms c Star fish d All of the above 2 Cephalization assist in forming the a CNS Central Nervous System b Gastrovascular Cavity c Anas d None of the above 3 Gastrulation is the process when the germ layers are produced which of the following isn t a germ layer a Endodern b Blastocoel c Mesoderm d Ectoderm 4 All of the following arecoelem function except a Suspension of internal organs b Secrete waste c Act as a hydrostatic skeleton d Filtration and storage of primary urine 5 The function of excretion is to maintain a Homeostatis b The digestive tract c Both A B d None of the above Short Answer Questions 1 Define the numerical value of the body part division for hexamerous octamerous and pentamerous 2 Define the excretion process All three steps 3 Define the difference between protonephridia and metanephiridia Phylum Platyhelminthes Vocabulary Define the following words without looking at your notes or outside sources Hermaphrodites Neoblasts Regeneration Tetrodoxin Parasite Endoparasites Ectoparasites Definite host Intermediate host True False Define rather the statement is true T or false F 1 Platyhelminthes have a spermatozoa with three tails 2 Platyhelminthes gastrovascular cavity has no anus 3 The Phylum Platyhelminthe has two classes 4 Platyhelminthes are herbivores 5 Platyhelminthes don t reproduce through regeneration 6 Penis fencing is a common term used to describe Platyhelminthes reproduction 7 There are four parts to the Platyhelminthe life cycle Multiple Choice Choose the most appropriate answer choice for the question provided 1 The is the mesodermal tissue between the gut and the epidermis a Tricladida b Polycladida c Parenchyma d Trematoda 2 The Class Turbellaria has a complex body wall musculature for looping in three main directions Which of the following isn t one of the musculature directions a Circular b Triangular c Diagonal d Longitudinal 3 During regeneration what fraction can an animal grow too to recreate a new worm a 1 300 b 2 50 c 7 5600 d 62 4566 4 Schistosomiasis is a disease that can cause all of the following except a Cut circulation to the liver b Edema c Hemorrhoids d Mesenteric venules 5 Schistosomiasis can be controlled by all of the following except a Vaccines b Control intermediate snail hosts c Sanitary measures d Contain all snails Short Answer Questions 1 Define the feeding