CS 414 – Multimedia Systems Design Lecture 14 – Quality of Service Concepts(Part 2)AdministrativeMultimedia System/NetworkRelation between QoS and Resources (Phase 1)Phase 1: Establishment Phase (QoS Operations)Phase 1: Connection EstablishmentQoS Operations within Establishment PhaseExampleLayered Translation (Example)QoS NegotiationDifferent Types of Negotiation ProtocolsBilateral QoS NegotiationTriangular QoS NegotiationTriangular Negotiation with Bounded ValueTriangular Negotiation Protocol (Pseudo-Code Example)Multimedia Resource ManagementPhase 1: Resource Preparation OperationsSlide 18Admission TestsResource Reservation and AllocationResource ReservationRelation between QoS and Resources (Phase 2)Phase 2: Media Processing and TransmissionPhase 2: Enforcement OperationsQoS Management during Transmission PhaseSlide 26QoS/Resource AdaptationResource De-allocation – Tear-Down PhaseConclusion – Current State of ArtCS 414 - Spring 2011CS 414 – Multimedia Systems Design Lecture 14 – Quality of Service Concepts(Part 2)Klara NahrstedtSpring 2011CS 414 - Spring 2011Administrative HW1 posted today, February 21HW1 deadline, March 2Multimedia System/NetworkCS 414 - Spring 2011 NetworkMMApplicationOS/DS/NetworkMMApplicationOS/DS/NetworkSender ReceiverRelation between QoS and Resources (Phase 1)CS 414 - Spring 2011Translation, NegotiationAdmission, ReservationPhase 1: Establishment Phase (QoS Operations) CS 414 - Spring 2011QoS Translation at different LayersUser-ApplicationApplication-OS/Transport SubsystemQoS Negotiation Negotiation of QoS parameters among two peers/componentsPhase 1: Connection EstablishmentCS 414 - Spring 2011 NetworkMMApplicationOS/DS/NetworkMMApplicationOS/DS/NetworkSender ReceiverTranslationLogical Negotiation of Network QoS ParametersPhysical Transmission of Negotiation ParametersLogical Negotiation of Application QoS ParametersQoS Operations within Establishment PhaseCS 414 - Spring 2011User/ApplicationQoS TranslationOverlay P2P QoS NegotiationApplication/TransportQoS TranslationQoS Negotiation in Transport SubsystemExampleVideo Stream Quality: Frame size: 320x240 pixels, 24 bits (3 Bytes per pixel)Application frame rate RA: 20 fpsTranslate to Network QoS if Assume network packet size is 4KBytesNetwork packet rate (RN):= ┌320x240x3┐ bytes / 4096 bytesCS 414 - Spring 2011Layered Translation (Example)CS 414 - Spring 2011QoS NegotiationCS 414 - Spring 2011Different Types of Negotiation ProtocolsBilateral Peer-to-Peer NegotiationNegotiation of QoS parameters between equal peers in the same layerTriangular Negotiation Negotiation of QoS parameters between layersTriangular Negotiation with Bounded ValueCS 414 - Spring 2011Bilateral QoS NegotiationCS 414 - Spring 2011Triangular QoS NegotiationCS 414 - Spring 2011Triangular Negotiation with Bounded ValueCS 414 - Spring 2011Triangular Negotiation Protocol (Pseudo-Code Example)CS 414 - Spring 2011Caller CalleeNetwork-Service Provider Pseudo-CodeCaller Pseudo-CodeCallee Pseudo-CodeMultimedia Resource ManagementResource managers with operations and resource management protocolsVarious operations must be performed by resource managers in order to provide QoSPhase 1: Establishment Phase (resource operations) Operations are executed where schedulable units utilizing shared resources must be admitted, reserved and allocated according to QoS requirementsPhase 2: Enforcement Phase Operations are executed where reservations and allocations must be enforced, and adapted if needed CS 414 - Spring 2011Phase 1: Resource Preparation OperationsQoS to Resource Mapping Need translation or profiling (e.g., how much processing CPU cycles, i.e., processing time, it takes to process 320x240 pixel video frame)Resource Admission Need admission tests to check availability of shared resourcesResource ReservationNeed reservation mechanisms along the end-to-end path to keep information about reservationsResource Allocation CS 414 - Spring 2011Phase 1: Connection EstablishmentCS 414 - Spring 2011 NetworkMMApplicationOS/DS/NetworkMMApplicationOS/DS/NetworkSender ReceiverTranslationLogical Negotiation of NetQoS ParametersPhysical Transmission of Negotiation ParametersNetwork Resource Reservation ProtocolNetwork ResourceAdmission and Resource ReservationSystemResource Admission andReservationLogical Negotiation of AppQoS ParametersAdmission TestsTask (System) schedulability tests for CPU resourcesThis is done for delay guaranteesNetwork Packet schedulability tests for sharing host network interfaces, network switchesThis is done for network delay and jitter guaranteesSpatial tests for memory/buffer allocation This is done for delay and reliability guaranteesNetwork Link bandwidth testsThis is done for network throughput guaranteesCS 414 - Spring 2011Resource Reservation and Allocation Two types of reservationsPessimistic approach - Worst case reservation of resourcesOptimistic approach - Average case reservation of resourcesTo implement resource reservation we need:Resource table to capture information about managed table (e.g., process management PID table)Reservation tableto capture reservation informationReservation function to map QoS to resources and operate over reservation tableCS 414 - Spring 2011Resource Reservation Two types of reservation styles:Sender-initiated reservationReceiver-initiated reservationCS 414 - Spring 2011Relation between QoS and Resources (Phase 2)CS 414 - Spring 2011Translation, NegotiationAdmission,ReservationScheduling,Rate Control, Error ControlFlow ControlQoS ManagementCompressionPhase 2: Media Processing and TransmissionCS 414 - Spring 2011 NetworkMMApplicationOS/DS/NetworkMMApplicationOS/DS/NetworkSender ReceiverPhysical Transmission of Media Network ResourceSchedulingSystemResource •Scheduling•Rate Control•Flow ControlErrorControlPhase 2: Enforcement Operations Resource scheduling Example: rate-monotonic schedulingRate control – traffic shaping Example: leaky bucketEnd-to-end error control Example: forward error correctionFlow control Open loop flow control (no feedback)Close look flow control (with feedback channel)CS 414 - Spring 2011QoS Management during Transmission PhaseResource and QoS Monitoring Flexibility, i.e., monitoring should be turned on/offTwo types of monitoringUser-mode
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