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U of I CS 414 - Multimedia Systems Design

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CS 414 – Multimedia Systems Design Lecture 22 – Multimedia Extensions to Existing IP ProtocolsOutlineInternet Multimedia Protocol StackLayer 3 Internet ServicesNew Internet Protocol - IPngIP Packet HeadersQoS in Layer 3 - Internet Integrated ServicesIntegrated Services (IntServ) ArchitectureRSVPFlow Specification (1) (Traffic Shape General Parameters)Flow Specification (2) (in IntServ)Service Requirements (Application-specific)RSVP Control and Data FlowMixing ReservationsReservation StructuresRSVP FeaturesService ModelsGuaranteed Service (in IntServ)Guaranteed Service (2)Controlled Load Service (in IntServ)IntServ (Error Handling - Early Congestion Avoidance)IntServ (Error Handling) Discard AlgorithmsSlide 23Packet Scheduling (in IntServ)Packet Scheduling (in IntServ)IntServ/RSVP vs DiffServConclusionCS 414 - Spring 2011CS 414 – Multimedia Systems Design Lecture 22 – Multimedia Extensions to Existing IP Protocols Klara NahrstedtSpring 2011Outline Multimedia IP Extensions (Layer 3)CS 414 - Spring 2011Internet Multimedia Protocol StackCS 414 - Spring 2011AAL3/4 IP Version 4, IP Version 6 UDPMedia encaps(H.264, MPEG-4)RTPATM/Fiber OpticsEthernet/WiFiTCPSIPRTSP RSVP RTCPAAL5KERNELAPPLICATIONLayer 4(Transport)Layer 3(Network)Layer 2(Link/MAC)Layer 5(Session)MPLSDCCPLayer 3 Internet ServicesInternet Protocol (IP) – IP Version 4Provides unreliable deliver of datagrams in a point-to-point fashionRuns on top of any Layer 2 technologies Supports IP address of 32 bitsDifferent types of services (TOS)Precedence relationServices such as minimization of delay, maximization of throughput Multicast Internet Group Management Protocol for managing groupsCS 414 - Spring 2011New Internet Protocol - IPngNext Generation IP – IP Version 6Supports new featuresNew addressing and routingIP Address 128 bits Large hierarchical addresses, multicast addressesMore options of flow control and securityReal-time flowsEnd-to-end securityProvider selectionHost mobility Auto-configuration/auto-reconfigurationTraffic ClassesCS 414 - Spring 2011IP Packet HeadersCS 414 - Spring 2011Version Header Length TOS Total lengthidentification Flag Fragment offsetTime to Live (TTL) Protocol Header Checksum32 bit Destination IP Address32-bit Source IP AddressVersion Traffic Class Flow LabelPayload Length Next Header Hop limit128-bit Source IP Address128-bit Destination IP AddressIPv4IPv6QoS in Layer 3 - Internet Integrated ServicesTo provide network QoS in the Internet, IETF reacted by Creating Working Group (IntServ)Deploying Internet Integrated ServicesDevelopment of Control (Establishment) Protocol to reserve resources per flowResource Reservation Protocol (RSVP)Development of QoS-aware network services within IP Guaranteed class-of-service Deterministic QoS guaranteesControlled-load class-of-service Statistical QoS guaranteesCS 414 - Spring 2011Integrated Services (IntServ) ArchitectureCS 414 - Spring 2011Appl.RSVPdaemonPolicycontrolAdmissioncontrolPacketschedulerPacketclassificationRouting.RSVPdaemonPolicycontrolAdmissioncontrolPacketschedulerError HandlingReservation Protocol (RSVP)End-system RouterControl PlaneData PlaneRSVP Provides reservation for data flowsFlow specification is represented via Traffic specification, TSpec Characteristics of the data flowRequest specification, RspecDescription of required QoS (desired flow behavior)Is receiver-oriented and unidirectional Uses two types of messages:PATH messages and RSVP messagesProtocol 1. Send PATH message with TSpec from Sender to Receiver(s)2. Send RESV message with Rspec from Receiver(s) to Sender3. Send DATA with resulting reserved QoSCS 414 - Spring 2009Flow Specification (1)(Traffic Shape General Parameters) Peak rate – highest rate at which a source can generate trafficAverage rate – average transmission rate over a time intervalBurst size – max amount of data that can be injected into network at peak rateCS 414 - Spring 2009Flow Specification (2)(in IntServ) Traffic described in terms of token bucket parametersToken arrival rate ‘r’Bucket depth ‘b’Amount of bits transmitted during any interval of length t: A(t) ≤ r * t + bCS 414 - Spring 2009Service Requirements (Application-specific)Minimum Bandwidth - min. amount of BW required by applicationDelay – can be specified as average delay or worst case delayPropagation delay + Transmission delay + Queuing delayDelay Jitter – specifies max. difference between the largest and smallest delays that packets experienceLoss Rate – ratio of lost packets and total packets transmittedCS 414 - Spring 2009RSVP Control and Data FlowCS 414 - Spring 2009RESV messagesPATH messagesDATAS1D3D1D2R1 R2R3R4(1) TSpec(2) TSpec,RSpec(1) TSpec(1) TSpec(2) Tspec,RSpec(2) Tspec,RSpec(1)(1)(2)(2)(3)(3)(3)(3)(3)Mixing ReservationsCS 414 - Spring 2009RESV messagesPATH messagesDATAS1D3D1D2R1 R2R3R415MB10MB15MB15MB3MB12MBMixing3MB10MB15MB12MBMixing12MBReservation StructuresResource Reservation TableStores admitted/reserved resourcesRSVP MessagesCS 414 - Spring 2009Version FlagsSend TTLMessage TypeReservedRSVP ChecksumRSVP LengthRSVP FeaturesSimplex ReservationReservation only in one direction (simplex flow)Receiver OrientedSupports multicast communicationRouting IndependentPolicy IndependentSoft StateReservation state has timer associated with the stateWhen timer expires, state is automatically deletedRSVP periodically refreshes reservation state to maintain state along the pathCS 414 - Spring 2009Service Models Describe interface between network and its users in resource allocation architectureDescribe what services users can ask from network and what kind of resource commitments the network can offerIntServ standardGuaranteed ServiceControlled-load ServiceCS 414 - Spring 2009Guaranteed Service(in IntServ)Provides guaranteed BW and strict bounds on end-to-end queuing delay for conforming flowsControls max. queuing delayTSpec – describes traffic sourcesBucket rate (‘r’) (bytes/second)Peak rate (p) (bytes/second)Bucket depth (b) (bytes)Minimum policed unit (m) (bytes) – any packet with size smaller than m will be counted as m bytesMaximum packet size (M) (bytes) – max, packet size that can be acceptedCS 414 - Spring 2010Guaranteed Service


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U of I CS 414 - Multimedia Systems Design

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