U of I CS 414 - Lecture 5 Digital Video

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CS414 -- Multimedia Systems Lecture 5: Digital VideoShu ShiJan 28, 2011Friday, January 28, 2011About Me•4th year PhD•Peking University, Beijing, China•Projects related to CS414:•Intern 2009•Intern 2010Friday, January 28, 2011GoalFriday, January 28, 2011300 image frames!What is Video?Friday, January 28, 2011Basic Concepts•Resolution•352x288•Frame Rate•30 fpsFriday, January 28, 2011TV History 1920sBlack-White TV1940sColor TVFriday, January 28, 2011Color Space•YUV (PAL)•Y is luminance•UV are chrominance•YIQ (NTSC)•similar to YUVFriday, January 28, 2011NTSC and PAL•NTSC (USA, Japan, etc)•525 lines, 59.94Hz•Interlaced, 480 lines visible, 29.97 fps (480i)•PAL (Europe, China, etc)•625 lines, 50Hz•Interlaced, 576 lines visible, 25 fps (576i)Friday, January 28, 2011TV History Analog TVDigital TV2000sSD/HD TV3D TVFriday, January 28, 2011i and p•Interlaced•one image is represented by two fields•actual frame rate = refresh frequency / 2•Progressive•720p vs 1080iFriday, January 28, 2011Resolution•Resolution•Analog TV counts lines and Digital TV counts on pixels•Aspect Ratio•4:3 and 16:9•Pixel Aspect Ratio•Rectangle pixel •square pixelPAR = 2:1PAR = 1:1Friday, January 28, 2011ResolutionBroadcast ResolutionAspect RatioPixel Aspect RatioDisplay Resolution480i (SD NTSC)704x4804:310:11640x480480i (SD NTSC)704x48016:940:33854x480576i (SD PAL)704x5764:312:11768x576576i (SD PAL)704x57616:916:111024x576720p (HD)1280x72016:91:11280x7201080p (Full HD)1920x108016:91:11920x1080Friday, January 28, 2011Refreshing Rate•Flicker Effect•for CRT TV, flicker happens when the refreshing rate is less than 50Hz•for CRT computer monitor, higher frequency is required for avoiding flicker Friday, January 28, 20113D TV•Use high frequency refreshing rate (no less than 120 Hz) and synchronized shutter glasses to enable different views for different eyesFriday, January 28, 2011Digital Video and TV•Frame rate•For video that is taken by camera, the frame rate should be no less than 16 fps to maintain smooth motion. The frame rate higher than 24 fps is movie quality. Friday, January 28, 2011Digital Video and TV•Bit rate•the amount of information stored per unit time (second) of a recording•YCrCb•similar to YUV, but used for digital image and video codingFriday, January 28, 2011Digital Video and TV•Color space compression•YUV444•24 bit / pixel•YUV422 (YUY2, YUYV, UYVY)•16 bit / pixel•YUV420 (YV12)•12 bit /pixelFriday, January 28, 2011Digital Video and TV•VCD Video•since 1993•Resolution: 352x240 (NTSC), 352x288(PAL)•Frame Rate: 29.97 (NTSC), 25 (PAL)•Bitrate: 1.5Mb/sFriday, January 28, 2011Digital Video and TV•DVD Video•since 1997•Resolution and frame rate•704x480 at 29.97fps •704x576 at 25fps•Bitrate: 9.8Mb/sFriday, January 28, 2011Digital Video and TV•Blu-ray Video•since 2006•Resolution and frame rate•1920x1080 at 59.94 fps (interlaced) •1920x1080 at 24 fps (progressive)•and more ...•Bitrate: 40Mb/sFriday, January 28, 2011Other Video•Online Video•Videoconferencing•and more...Friday, January 28,


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U of I CS 414 - Lecture 5 Digital Video

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