BIOL 317 1st Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture - Study of Ecology Outline of Current Lecture - Ecology Current Lecture- Ecological Experiments Ecological Society of America - birthplace of ecology in America - Stimulate ecological research - Clarify and communicate the science of ecology - Promote the responsible application of ecological knowledge to public issues Ecology - Relationship of organisms and their biotic and abiotic environment - Organism’s relationship to environment include physiological responses - Geography, biology, and natural history makes up the study of ecology - Plant ecology derives from geography - Animal ecology derives from natural history - climate, soil, predators, competitors, and evolutionary history Physiological ecology - Species response to the environment, ecology of individuals (why)Population ecology - Population size, speciation, evolution, competition, energy allocation Community ecology - Species diversity, competition, succession Biogeochemical ecology - (ecosystem ecology) nutrient cycling, primary productivity, decomposition Systems ecology - math, modelingEmerging Fields - Urban ecology, aeroecology, industrial ecology, landscape ecology, global ecology - Industrial ecology - integrates chemistry, physics, engineering and ecology to quantify the impacts on nature of manmade products (popcorn lungs, women use 12 to 24 personal care products)Life Cycle Assessment - Reduces ay manufactured item into its components and their processes and measures their impact on nature from cradle to grave - Raw materials consumes - Energy and water depleted - Photochemical ozone created - Contribution to global warming - Air and water toxicity - Production of hazardous wastes Scales - Biological o Global o Landscape o Ecosystem o Community o Population o Organism - Temporal o Energeticso Herbivory o Succession o Biological invasion - Spatial Ecological Studies - Field - more realism, less control - Mesocosm - sets experiments out in the field and lets subjects experience the same environment as its natural habitat, gives ecologists more control and more realism - Microcosm - increased control, less