ECOL 1000 1nd Edition Lecture 26 Outline of Last Lecture I. TestOutline of Current Lecture II. Genetic diversityIII. Selective breedingIV. Genetic engineeringCurrent Lecture- Genetic diversity of Agroecosystemso Monocultures (corn, wheat, rice, potatoes, soybeans, barley)o Polycultureso Modern plant breeding has reduced diversityo Homogenization & standardization through hybridization, asexual production, and cloning Cavendish bananas- Plant and animal selective breedingo Artificial selection practiced for 1000s of yearso Artificial selection: modification of a species by human intervention so that certain desirable traits are represented in successive generations Different breeds of domestic dogso Natural selection: the differential success of individuals within the population that results from their interaction with their environment Survival of the fittest Fitness: the proportional contribution of an individual to future generationso Unanticipated threats to food due to artificial selection Irish potato famine- 1845 potato blight spreadThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- 1 million starved- Try to diversify food species to prevent threat Turkeys- Nearly all domestic turkeys are white-feathered (A)- Must be artificially inseminated, hatched in incubators, and raised in protected houses- Bourbon red turkeys (B) retain the ability to fly, find its own food, mateo Seed Banks: storing genetic information Seeds are stored in cold, dry conditions Remain viable for many years Provide genetic resources needed to improve crop plants- Selective breedingo Years to decadeso Sexually compativle lineages- Genetic engineeringo Days to weekso Unrelated species (spiders and goats)
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