ECOL 1000 1nd Edition Lecture 19Outline of Last Lecture I. Solar PowerII. Geothermal EnergyIII. Ocean EnergyOutline of Current Lecture II. Paul CoxIII. Biodiversitya. Geneticb. Speciesc. EcologicalIV. Taxonomic groups with the highest biodiversityCurrent Lecture- Questions of the dayo What do we mean by “biodiversity”?o How do we measure biodiversity?o Why should we strive to protect diversity at all scales?- Case Study: Dr. Paul Coxo Cox and his family moved to the Samoan rainforest in hopes of finding a cure for cancero Samoa is in a tropical region and has high biodiversityo Biodiversity: variety among organisms and ecological systems at all levels of organization Genetic diversity: variations in the genes among individuals of the same species- Within populations biodiversity is measured by genetic diversityo I.e. hair color, height, blood type- Genetic diversity improves survival of population- Outbreeding through sexual reproduction of not closely related individuals maximizes genetic diversity- Inbreeding, mating between closely related individual, results from small populations, and increases the chances of genetic diseases (hemophilia, cystic fibrosis)- Genetic variation within a species reduces risk of genetic disordersThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Panther cubs produced by crossbreeding endangered Florida panthers with mountain lions from Texas do no display the kids of problems that result from inbreeding Species diversity: the variety of species present in an area; includes the number of different species that are present as well as their relative abundance- Endemic species: organisms that are found only in specific localitieso Appalachian Mountains are an ideal home for Jordan’s salamander one of 20 salamander species found only in this location Ecological diversity: the variety of habitats, niches, trophic levels, and community interactions- Ecological diversity includes structural complexity of habitato Tropical forests have more structural complexity than a grassland which creates numerous habitats that support many more specieso Coral reefs support more species than nearby sandy ocean bottoms Biodiversity includes genetic variation, variation of plant species, and many different community interactions- Which taxonomic groups account for the most global biodiversity?o Insects, plants, arachnids, fungi, molluscs, vertebrates, roundworms, bacteriao Plants and insects account for the mosto Isoclines indicate that species richness increases closer to the
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