UGC 112 1st Edition Lecture 19 Outline of Current Lecture I Major Adjustments after WWI a Three Consequences Three Ms II Responses in Russia a Right Wing Dictatorships b Military Adventurism c Popular Support III Revolution from Above a Impact in Latin America b Stirrings in Africa Current Lecture The Masses 4 Major Adjustments after WWI Dingues day World War I brought unprecedented destruction Comparable Genghis khan destruction of great Muslim library devastation in parts of china WWI had THREE Ms Three consequences 1 Huge impact in terms of Man power a There were millions of casualties 2 Huge cost in Materiel military equipment not to be confused with material 3 Impact on Morale a After WWI extraordinary disillusionment that there would be perpetual progress b Loss of morale c Willingness to experiment arts political forms d Democracy experimentation Check out the movie All quiet on the western front These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Gendobra Polish 5 Main Points for Today Self determination for whom Definition question on quiz or final o For state Empire Fragmentation of empires o WWI led to this the Ottoman Empire Austro Hung Russian German empires were all o Britain France and Global Impact o WWI needs to be understood in order to understand WWII o Think of second thirty years war Fought over religion Germany was at the heart of both the first and second Thirty Year s War Post war Exuberance and Lassitude Radical experimentation Lassitude tired Revenge loses The losers in WWI wanted to reacquire the glory that they had lost This is of fundamental importance Map of June 1914 Belgium WWI begins and the borders of Germany expand Dozien Dobry Jenn DO breh Polish The Germans had attacked Russia Danzig Gdansk ancient port so called Free zone between the wars Surrounded by polish but inhabited by Germans Responses in Russia Post SSSR Grondo Vladimir Lenin His father was as service nobleman superintendent of schools in Siberia St George is patron saint of England Ethiopia LIST OF COUNTRIES WITH St George as patron Marxist Beliefs Base of his ideas dialectical materialism property owners Soviet Union o Formed in 1922 right after the war This is important to note It was a reconstitution of the old Russian Empire o Areas like Ukraine Armenia Georgia Azerbaijan last three all in caucuses o October Revolution 1917 by the old Julian calendar Calendar in use until Pope Gregory was eleven years off There was a big shift in dates o 1917 Russian army was defeated Trotsky soldiers voted with their feet Mass desertion Wanted to get back home to their families Officers didn t have control they were lousy officers March 1917 the February revolution there was an uprising that installed a democratic government There were two revolutions not one First was attempt to bring democracy to a civilization that had only flirted with it This failed no democracy amongst war Provisional government By October the communist party was organized IT had Soviets this means council These councils were established in the cities Moscow and St Petersburg Mutineers from the military Coup de tat Right Wing Dictatorships In Italy it was called Fascism Nazism was its comparable entity Species of fascism in Japan Rapidly rising power Ultra nationalism Military adventurism this was essentially by Germany Treaty of Versailles ended WWI Rhine land was heart of German industry Hitler reoccupied it and marched troops into it He started up the arms industry again which had been banned Popular Support Hitler was incredibly popular not until the Battle of Stalingrad was there a change in popular support FASCISM sought popular support Popular support meant that people like Lenin Hitler had central control 1905 1910 Korea taken over annexed Sphere of Influence 1932 taking over of Manchuria Japan is dependent on imports and thus must have a strong navy and military Gandhi and Nehru Sharing a Light Moment their cooperation together helped to drive the British out Gandhi British utopian thinkers were strong advocates of non violence He lived in sOuth Africa for at least 15 years and became successful Died in 1948 assassinated Nehru went to one of the most prestigious universities in the world Cambridge Studies PPE politics philosophy and economics He knew Britain and took from it ideas of democracy Leadership from the Top By contrast Gandhi believed in worming from below Swadeshi movements Fabian Socialism Soviet Union central economic planet Map Turkey Dismembered Revolution From Above A War Hero the only successful general the empire had in WWI He beat the British Winston Churchill Nationalist Resistance He organized resistance in the country Something He undertook Dramatic Reforms o 36 hours 6 days of a speech he gave 1 Everyone had to have a surname or a family name 2 Sultan is supreme political authority of Ottoman empire 3 Eliminated Caliphate the supreme leader in Islam 4 Changed the law instead of Islamic law he brought in the Swiss middle code No sharia law Nice civilized Swiss 5 European legal code japan was a comparable thing 6 He changed the system of writing Turkish went to using Roman letters Persian words script have truly indigenous words 7 Polygamy was bad a Don t wear the fez anymore 8 VOTES for women Atat rk means Father of the Turks Impact in Latin America Crisis of the old republic October 1929 great depression is going on One of the five most important financial crises the world has ever seen Why most affected Worst performer was Argentina Association Republics practical fragmatic Kenya land high and fertile South Africa Zimbabwe these countries had a different status Stirrings in Africa Contrasting colonial policies French assimilation and or association British pragmatism limited Belgian paternism