AMH 2010 Fall 2014 I Native Groups A Some considered world powers 1 Exist in other colonies countries B Impact of Colonialism on native people 1 Almost always negative 2 Timucua prime example C Timucua 1 1492 20 000 native people in N Florida Orlando to Georgia 2 1763 59 native people all in St Augustine 3 1717 total Timucua population concentrated in St Augustine 4 1765 small amount of native people left went to Cuba a Spanish government relocated FL Spanish colony 5 Other tribes affected by colonization none as bad as Timucua 6 Some British colonization of North America a Spanish colonization of central and west North and South America II Spanish Colony La Florida A St Augustine founded 1565 1 Oldest settlement in North America a Jamestown VA 1607 b Massachusetts Bay Colony 1630 B Florida vs Virginia Massachusetts NE New England 1 Religion a FL Catholic b VA NE Protestant c All Spanish places catholic 2 Population 1710 a FL outpost colony i 5 000 people b VA NE settlement colonies i 55 000 60 000 people 3 Economies a FL livestock modest agriculture b VA plantation agriculture c NE diverse agriculture modest mercantile 4 Settlement Patterns a FL Catholic Missions b VA tobacco plantations c NE towns village rural C Missions not exclusively for religions entities 1 Ex Mission San Luis Tallahassee lived there b 16th Century Indigenous Floridians i Not mainly for personal gain prosperity mainly for Catholic Church a Spanish Friars soldiers artisans merchants and Apalachee Native Indians i men and women worked in fields food stored for collective use ii multiple food sources iii village life iv inter tribal trade v Timucua produced goods to trade Pottery and arrowheads D Spanish affect on Timucua 1 Introduction of Spanish trade goods shots flints buckles knives glass bottles 2 Consequences of Spanish Goods a Timucua abandon tradition arts and become more reliant on European trade goods b Timucua become more economically dependent on Spanish i Cannot NOT buy Spanish goods despite the prices Good for the Spanish c Cycle of Dependence i Natives devote more time to producing things Spanish want Furs animal hides Animal population diminishes ii Less time spent on native food ways Increasing dependence on Spanish for food and gods iii Native increasingly indebted to Spanish 3 How do natives deal with debt a Sell their labor i Debt Peonage economic circumstance that lead someone to being the lowest class a form of slavery can never work off debt b Consequences i Native population concentrates around Spanish missions ii Cycle of dependence continues iii Disease easily spread Population concentrated in one area 1659 10 000 die from measles epidemic iv War location of natives known because concentrated around a mission Makes them more vulnerable to attack III 1663 England founds Carolina Colony A Sustained by African slave labor B Florida offers refuge for runaway slaves form Carolina even encourage it 1 200 come Cimmarones C English employ native tribes to try to get African slaves back 1 Tribes Chichimios Upper Creeks Appalachicolas 2 Becomes difficult to tell who was a runaway slave a They interbred and settles b Began to kidnap whoever they could find 3 1703 1704 English and native attack kidnap around missions and Northern Florida a 5 000 taken 4 000 sold into slaver 1 000 settled in Charleston to D 1670 1715 more people exported form Charleston than imported from Africa work 4 1715 25 000 50 000 captured sold 1 usually exported to west indies E 1675 76 King Phillips War 1 most fatal US war every a many slaves captured sold off F 1763 7 year war or French Indian war 1 Spain gives Florida to Great Britain 2 brings remaining 60 Timucua to Cuba G Sugar Industry in West Indies 1 Comes from west indies can turn into distilled alcohol molasses 2 Water not really safe to drink at time 3 Timucua sent to work sugar eventually IV England becomes Great Britain A British settlements continue to grow 1 Mostly along coastline East of Delaware River 2 Gain control of all of North East a Result of French Indian War Peace of Paris 1763 B Pontiac s Rebellion 1763 natives rebel after British reduces trade with natives 1 Natives incredibly dependent on foreign goods C Settlers demanding more land native land from Britain 1 Britain creates a dividing line for settlers not to cross a Do cross engages war Pontiac s Rebellion i Natives take 12 15 British forts D 1765 Stamp Act tax on any paper good V The Constitution Declaration of Independence A Thomas Jefferson VA wrote declaration 1 Samuel John Adams Mass very influential a John Adams i Most sophisticated defender of independence movement ii Excellent lawyer found loopholes in British law B Constitution declares how country gov will be run what they can cant do C 1777 Articles of Confederation 1 not ratified by all 13 states until 1781 2 first kind of constitution 3 A league of Friendship a for the purpose of a defensive alliance among sovereign states D Declaration 1 One People E People continually argued concerned about idea of Federal Gov 1 Just left one monarchy controlling gov don t want to form another F King refuses to give up colonies 1 English don t want US to set a bad example for Ireland catholic who hates protestant England 2 King wages war 3 Articles of confederation not liked but necessary at the time a Emphasizes independence not central gov b For the main purpose of war G What did Revolution do 1 Independence declared in declaration took time to actually achieve a America surrounded by English Spanish colonies i Spanish likes and doesn t like Likes Doesn t like Don t like England support anti England movement May influence Spanish colonies to get rid of their King b Not truly independent i Living on edge because of security threat 2 Unity unified but not a Come together for the sole purpose of fighting against England b Don t want a big unifying government c Article 3 of Articles of Confederation i league of friends for the purpose of protection d Continental Congress i A government put in place by articles ii doesn t actually have much power 3 1787 First Continental Congress a elected delegates from all states except Rhode Island i meets in Philadelphia b met to revise articles of Confederation AoC c James Madison VA first to diced AoC needed to be gone i Kept notes of meetings in secret Keeping written record of the meetings wasn t allowed everything was very secretive 4 1789 Second Continental Congress ratifies constitution a planned to