CTE 4443 Final Review Government agencies that regulate standards Federal Trade Commission enforces the care labeling rule promotes consumer protection Eliminates prevents anticompetitive business practices CPSC Consumer Product Safety Commission division of FTC Responsible for mandatory testing procedures of consumer products Oversees safety of consumer products in the US o Does not include food drugs cosmetics vehicles or workplace products Can perform recalls if necessary CPSIA Consumer Product Safety Improvement Imposes new testing and documentation requirements Sets new acceptable levels of several substances Increases fines and specifies jail time for violations Trade associations educational groups Dry Cleaning Laundry Institute world s leading professional garment care organization represents over 10 000 drycleaners in the US offers solutions for businesses to remain competitive edge Cleaning Institute The Soap Detergent Association represents cleaning products US Dept of Energy DOE mandated a drastic reduction in energy usage for automatic washing machines sold in US Jan 2007 new machines had to meet new standards measured by MEF modified energy factor and WF water factor to measure energy efficiency The market demand for high efficiency machines is 30 of new products Traditional machines have WF of 13 by 2011 DOE will require a WF of 9 5 lower the better Front loading machines and some top loaders are designed to conserve water and energy This has brought about changes in how clothing is physically handled For example spin speeds can reach between 1000 and 1600 rpm while traditional machines reached 650 rpm or less resulting in more moisture removed Drying times are shorter which saves energy Wash times in new machines can take almost twice as long for a normal wash cycle New machines are so tightly sealed they can become dirty grow bacteria and cause odors A sanitary cycle is built in to be used at least once a month New machines use less water and therefore a higher concentration of detergent making clothes cleaner in some models NFPA National Fire Protection Association Provide and advocate consensus codes standards research training and education Mission is to reduce worldwide burden of fire and other hazards Non profit organization In order for there to be a fire three elements must be present oxygen fuel heat AATCC American Association of Textile Chemists Colorists Provide test method development quality control materials education and global professional networking Internationally recognized for fiber and fabric testing standards ASTM International American Society of Testing Materials Globally recognized for developing and delivering voluntary consensus standards Today some 12 000 ASTM standards are used around the world to improve product quality enhance safety facilitate market access and trade and build consumer confidence Know the fabric and environmental properties that influence test results For tests such as dimensional change drapability moisture absorbency thermal comfort heat and moisture transfer water resistance and repellency Fabric properties that affect test results are o Fiber content stiff less stiff o Yarn structure taught loose o Fabric structure high fabric count more compact less and less compact Basic understanding of 4443 lab testing and results Danielle Kleinberg Speaker o QA Product Evaluator HSN o Onsite Program Manager Bureau Veritas tween brands Children s products very complicated Prop 65 o VS Senior Tech Consultant Underwriters Laboratory o Onsite Program Manager Bureau Veritas onsite at Chico s Proposition 65 o 1986 California voters approved an initiative to address their growing concerns about exposure to toxic chemicals o Was known as the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act but better known as Prop 65 o Requires the State to publish a list of chemicals known to cause cancer or birth defects or other reproductive harm This list which must be updated at least once a year has grown to include approximately 800 chemicals o The list contains a wide range of naturally occurring and synthetic chemicals that are known to cause cancer or birth defects or other reproductive harm DURABILITY What Affects Durability Durability o Analysis is based on the end use expected of the fabric o Most often related to serviceability wear o Wear is defined as fabric deterioration which occurs during breaking cutting or removal of fibers Friction Testing o Friction the resistance to relative motion between 2 objects in physical contact with each other o Smooth materials of the same chemical compound create less friction are more resistant than rougher materials of the same substance Pilling o Rough materials have more surface area in contact with each other therefore more force is required to have them move against each other Friction testing involves testing for snagging pilling abrasion o Performance of friction testing is assessed as a measure of loss of some part of the material or a change in appearance o Results when fiber ends or other fiber debris is broke away from surface and become entangled with fibers that are still attached to material o Fiber ends work to the surface become abraded break off entangle with other fibers extent ease of pilling resistance to formation of pills on a textile surface o Pilling propensity o Pilling resistance o Pilling testing o Manufactured fibers tend to be more likely to pill since they are strong don t break away from the fabric if damaged by abrasion they are still anchored in the fabric evaluates the fabric s resistance to abrasion o They then pick up fibers lint dirt from the laundry or other environment o Evaluated by A visual comparison between the specimen a 5 point photographic rating scale 5 no pilling 1 very severe pilling Abrasion material Your specification sheet may not have a specification requirement Accepted level for most apparel product is 3 5 o Damage caused to a fabric as a result of rubbing against a surface or other o Breakdown occurs as cracks appear on the fibers o The extent of abrasion depends on the source of the abrasion o 3 Types Flat abrasion flat object is rubbed against a flat material this is what we use Flex abrasion material is best or flexed during rubbing Edge abrasion material is folded back on itself and rubbed cuffs o Evaluating for Failure counting the number of cycles until fabric ruptures two or End point more yarns have broken or a hole appears change in