19th Century Europe Final Exam EUH3205 Study Guide for Final Exam The final examination will consist of three sections which are explained in more detail below First section worth 30 30 multiple choice questions Second section worth 30 6 short answer questions Long essay worth 40 Section 1 will consist of thirty multiple choice questions These will be based on the material we have covered from the French Revolution through World War I Section 2 will consist of 6 short answer questions In most cases they will ask you to relate one or more quotes or in some cases images to a broader historical phenomenon or context In most cases these quotes and images will be familiar to you from the readings and lectures Here is an example of this kind of question 1 Explain the significance of this quote in relationship to the specific context in which it was written and the French Revolution as a whole To what extent does the rhetoric in this passage foreshadow the more radical rhetoric of 1793 1794 Who then shall dare to say that the Third Estate has not within itself all that is necessary for the formation of a complete nation It is the strong and robust man who has one arm still shackled If the privileged order should be abolished the nation would be nothing less but something more Therefore what is the Third Estate Everything but an everything shackled and oppressed What would it be without the privileged order Everything but an everything free and flourishing Nothing can succeed without it everything would be infinitely better without the others Abbe Sieye s What is the Third Estate 1789 In most cases it will take 1 2 paragraphs to answer these questions The following topics are likely to serve as the basis for these short answer questions 1 the French Revolution and Napoleon 2 the Industrial Revolution 3 conservatism nationalism liberalism Romanticism 4 the 1848 revolution 5 socialism 6 unification of Italy of Germany 7 religion and science in the Victorian era 8 the women s suffrage debate 9 the social question and the working class movement 10 the new imperialism 11 fin de sie cle culture 12 the origins of World War I You will be given a choice of which questions to answer but the selection will be limited In studying for these questions do not attempt to memorize individual dates or texts Instead focus on broader complexes of events and ideas and how these relate to each other Section 3 will consist of a long essay In this essay you will be required to synthesize information from a number of different sources and topics This part of the exam is designed to assess how well you understand the broad themes of the second half of the course and how they fit together The essay will be based on the following question which focuses on the late 19th century One of the major developments in Europe during the late nineteenth century ca 1871 1914 was a crisis of liberalism with liberalism understood here as both a political and economic ideology and as a broader philosophy or worldview In a wide ranging essay describe the factors social political cultural that led to the late nineteenth century crisis of liberalism What were the consequences of this crisis 1 19th Century Europe Final Exam Victoria Albert Queen of England and her husband he wasn t king because he could not have been higher in title status than her Symbols of middle class values in the Victorian Era Hegemony of middle class values consent to their ideas Creed individual effort and enterprise earnestness here to do your duty on earth respectability clean sober thrifty The Great Crystal Palace Exhibition International exhibition in Hyde Park London in 1851 First in a series of World s Fair exhibitions of culture and industry to become popular Organized by Henry Cole and Prince Albert husband of Queen Victoria Attended by numerous notable figures Made of glass and iron Themes of patriotism and celebration of modern industrial technology and design Prime motive Great Britain to make clear its role as a world industrial leader and sought to prove its superiority Contagious Diseases Acts 1864 1866 1869 prostitutes necessary aspect of society Fear of leading to disease Passed by the Parliament of the U K Allowed police officers to arrest prostitutes in certain ports and army towns and the women were then subjected to compulsory checks for venereal disease If the woman was declared infect she was confined in what was known as a Lock Hospital until cured Justified as most effective method to shield men from venereal disease No provision made for examination of prostitutes clientele double standard Samuel Smiles Self Help 1859 argued for individual effort and enterprise Knowledge one of highest enjoyments Every human great mission to perform noble faculties to cultivate vast density to accomplish Should have means of education and of exerting freely all the powers of his godlike nature The bible of mid Victorian liberalism William Gladstone 1809 1898 Scott from merchant classes Christian religiosity reform intervene in world Rescue work with prostitutes Became member of British Parliament in 1833 1860s leader of Liberal Party Working class respectability and agitation for suffrage Supporter of the Second Reform Bill Became Prime Minister 1874 end of patronage govt careers open to talent Ballot Act 1872 introduced requirement that parliamentary and local govt elections in the U K be held by secret ballot Elementary Education Act 1870 set framework for schooling of all children between ages 5 12 Reform Bill of 1867 enfranchised urban male working class in England and Wales Doubled number of adult males that could vote Little distribution of seats intended to help Conservative Party Supported by Gladstone Giuseppe Mazzini Beating Heart of Italy Revolutionary republican nationalist Active in Carbonari secret revolutionary societies Founds Young Italy 1831 movement to create a united Italian republic through promoting a general insurrection in the Italian reactionary states and in the lands occupied by the Austrian Empire Belief popular uprising would create a unified Italy Helped define modern European movement for popular democracy in a republican state Activist for unification of Italy efforts helped bring about the independent and unified Italy in place of the several separate states many dominated by foreign powers which existed until the 19th century 2 19th Century Europe Final Exam Crimean War conflict between Russian Empire and alliance