Comm Study Guide Analyze a speech Type Techniques Main points Appeals Delivery Supporting materials Persuasive speech Choose a side Choose an arrangement o Spatial set a point of reference and follow a geographic pattern o Time orders info from a beginning to an end o Topical explains an idea in terms of its component parts o Causal shows cause effect relationship o Compare contrast shows how two things are alike or different o Problem solution attempts to identify what is wrong and how it could be fixed Key terms Ad lib immediate answer Audience analysis assessing the demographic psychographic attitudes and beliefs and rheterographic characteristics of your prospective listeners Extemporaneous speaking pre develop a set of talking points before the speech to assist in speaking Fabrication making up or guessing information and making it appear to be true Impromptu speaking with little to no preparation Manuscript speech mode material is written out and delivered word for word Memorized speech mode speech written out word for word then memorized Mind mapping Arranging materials visually rather than in list form Plagiarism using the ideas or words of others as your own Public communication transaction between a speaker and an audience Purpose of the speech the speaker s expected outcomes of the presentation Speech planning outline contains major speech ideas without elaboration Speech presentation outline fleshed out outline with examples and descriptions Statement of central idea defines the subject and develops the criteria by which to evaluate the material Topic outline Forecast alerts the audience to ideas that are coming Internal summary short restatement of what has just been said in a section Oral footnote referencing a source during your speech Primary sources of information original reports or observations Secondary sources of information report but don t originally generate material Signposting signal key aspects of the work purpose structure stance or linking words and phrases Supplementary speech aids visual audio or audiovisual Supporting speech material clarify a point provide information or offer evidence for the validity of an argument Visual aids objects models charts presentation graphics Humor analogies funny quotes nothing offensive or sarcastic to cover up problems Ethos credibility Logos logic Pathos emotional psychological Persuasion the process of influencing attitudes and behaviors Persuasive speech intended to influence the behavior or attitudes of the audience Reasoning fallacies reaching an unwarranted conclusion from an insufficient number of instances Speech of actuation trying to get the audience to take a desired action Speech of conviction trying to convince the audience to believe as the speaker does Eye contact looking directly at the audience and not overlooking anyone Gestures using hands body movements and facial expressions Public speaking anxiety physiological feeling threatened fight or flight response and emotional fear of making a fool of yourself Relaxation techniques speaking is not inherently stressful you don t have to be perfect to succeed nothing that bad can happen you don t control the behavior of your audience the audience wants you to succeed
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