Physical Activity Anxiety Mental Health Results in State of successful performance of mental function o Productive activities o Fulfilling relationships o Ability to adapt to change Mental Illness Health conditions characterized by Collectively all diagnosable mental disorders o Altered though mood behavior associated with distress Mental health problems o Signs and symptoms of insufficient intensity or duration o May warrant active efforts in health promotion prevention treatment Anxiety o Defn noticeable emotional state characterized by feelings of apprehension elevated autonomic nervous system activity o Physiological and psychological o Clinical Anxiety o Pathological counterpart of normal fear o Manifested by disturbances of mood cognition behavior physiological activity o Disproportionate response o Vs normal anxiety number and intensity of symptoms degree of suffering dysfunction o Most prevalent of mental disorders because of increased number of stressors o Females have higher 12 month and lifetime prevalence rates o Non Hispanic whites have higher prevalence than other racial ethnic groups o Economically burdening o 42 billion per year o Traditional treatment o Readily available and effective Medication expensive with potential side effects Psychotherapy Cognitive Behavioral Therapy expensive time consuming Exercise o Measurement of Anxiety o State Anxiety transient emotional state Feelings of apprehension heightened ANS activity How do you feel right now at this moment o Trait Anxiety more generalized Respond with apprehension worry and nervousness How do you generally feel or feel on average o Self Report Most common method for psychological assessment State Trait Anxiety Inventory Profile of Mood States o EMG electromyography increased tension in skeletal muscles o HR BP o EEG electroencephalography anxiety can be detected through CNS o Acute Exercise single bouts of exercise at some level of intensity and duration o Chronic exercise regular program of exercise lasting weeks months Research Stevens anxiety Goodwin disorders deMoor et al Meyer et al o Greater self reported PA associated with better mental health fewer symptoms of o Greater self reported PA associated with reduced chances of having various anxiety o Adolescent and adult twins exercisers had lower trait anxiety than non exercisers o 10 weeks of aerobic training in patients with panic disorder compared to those taking a drug treatment o Both groups had similar reductions in anxiety Broocks et al o 10 weeks of aerobic training in moderate to severe panic disorder compared to drug treatment o similar anxiety reductions Meron et al o 8 10 weeks of Group cognitive behavioral therapy moderate intensity exercise or both in patients with panic disorder anxiety disorder and social phobia Light to moderate intensity reduces anxiety Vigorous intensity increases or doesn t change Measurement issues Self report instrumentals may be erroneously reflecting anxiety that is actually arousal o the group that did both had reductions Broman Fulks et al o Exercise to reduce anxiety sensitivity What is known Anxiety is reduced following aerobic exercise o Doesn t matter what the aerobic exercise is o Anxiety increases following resistance exercise Intensity o Effect is transient doesn t last forever 2 4 hours Anxiolytic effect is transient o Seems to last 2 4 hours following acute exercise o Parallels some physiological changes e g BP Exercise is as effective as other known anxiety reducing treatments o Bahrke and Morgan o Effects seem to last longer o May be more effective than anti anxiety drugs o deVries Adams 10 elderly people with anxiety tension problems Performed 5 conditions 3 times 400 mg meprobamate anti anxiety drug 400 mg placebo lactose 15 minutes walking at HR 100 bpm 15 minutes walking at HR 120 bpm Control sat quietly and read Looked at muscle tension and say exercise may be more effective than anti anxiety drugs