SYO 3100 Exam 1 Study Guide Sociological rainbow Families adapt to their circumstances esp economy Structures in society that influence what goes on in families First level Self o Front stage and backstage impression management o Ex When you trip and fall you make sure no one saw you or play it off Second level Institutions o Media family school job peers church o Ex Belonging to a church effects decreases your drug use depending on religion Third level Macro Systems o Cultural sex gender race economic class political religious systems o Ex US is a consumer culture capitalist country o Ex Sex gender system covers from Rolling Stone Most covers with men were non sexualized but covers with women were mostly hyper sexualized o Ex Class systems lactation rooms for executive offices vs public restrooms at Starbucks stores 2 Main Macro Theories o Functionalist People are awarded in society by what you put in o Conflict Inequality is created and maintained and can be regulated Marxism Beauty Bias US obsession with beauty o At age 12 girls think it s more important to be pretty than smart o Costs healthy expensive time large consumer market o Men don t worry nearly as much Concepts Structure who makes up a family Functions what is the family good for Norms what are acceptable actions and feelings in a family o Informs us about the range of emotional feelings Roles What behaviors do people take on in a family o Mother nurture o Spouse Love and friend o Parental Teach children help succeed Fictive kin someone you call a family member but they are not Four Family Types Clan o Pre 1000 o Horticulture Africa where no state exists o Hoe is mode of production o Public families open to communities o Egalitarian society no major lifestyle differences o No police o Inclusion of relatives same word for son and nephew to enforce large clan o Spouses have separate accounts o Less control of women divorce is option o Children are viewed as wealth low concern for legitimacy o Exogamous marriage cements geo political ties Incest is taboo o Polygamy more wives to have more children o Orphans are not a problem more people to work o 1000 1750 o Agricultural Eurasia o Plow is mode of production more efficient o Linear kinship for inheritance reasons o Shared funds o Women can be locked up divorce is not normal o High concern for legitimacy of children battle for inheritance o Endogamous marriage to keep property within family cousin marriage is norm o Monogamy cheaper easier to pass inheritance o Orphans go to orphanage or killed wicked stepmothers Patriarchal Nuclear o 1750 1965 o Industrial US and elsewhere o Families become more private o Grandparents no longer live at home o Marriage based on love o Divorce is rare Post Nuclear o 1965 Now o Service o Fewer children Later marriage No marriage Residual Effects on African Culture on African American Families African Americans are more pro children than whites o African Americans ideal number of children is 4 white families are 2 AA rely more on collateral kin aunts friends etc o Actively engaged grandparents compared to white families AA families are less likely to be marriage based o High rates of single parent families o Lack of marriageable men due to joblessness and incarceration Black men more likely to marry white Race plays an important role in getting a job Prison is a for profit industry AA children are more likely to be raised by a relative who isn t their parent Cultural tool kit draw on cultural resources available to you traditions history Family and Community in Patriarchal Era Many people worked and lived in household not necessarily related o Servants were part of family o Family came as parades harvesting season had temporary servants o No distinction between work and home life created conflict Tense relationships because of inheritance o Wills were made very specific Had many children but many died before age 21 50 50 chance No privacy o No idea of germ theory yet o Architecture of households Walls didn t go all the way up No hallways just walked through other rooms Ex Dutch barn No embarrassment of nakedness bathing in front of family members o Closeness and intimacy was not part of these families Very invasive community control everyone knows everything o Snoops kept people in line o No outside hospitals jails school Households took care of you for a price Schooling is in household not required o Charivari public humiliation kept people in line Ex Martin Guerre fails to impregnate wife and community commits charivari to shame home and his family feels this act is justified Relations between men and women in patriarchal era Lack of affection spontaneity and empathy No love o Relationships based on economics not emotion o No privacy in relationships o Marriage as a history Article Coots In early times love and marriage was seen as a sickness The only universal of marriage is in laws Greatest myth hunters and gatherers if there was no meat families lived off of what women gathered Peasants were more concerned with their animals than their wives replaceable o Routines Roles and Tasks Table arrangement by status husbands at head of table followed by sons then servants Women sat on stools Depending where you sat you may not get food Terms of address referenced to status Ex Fiddler on the Roof Tradition song everyone has a role Role relations clear expectations between spouses Ex The Duchess clip not completed tasks as a wife Worst time for women o Wife beating is common no rights for women o Men would never do a women s task fear of humiliation o 3 C s for women cooking cleaning caring Mate Selection in Patriarchal Era Wealth concurs all marriage is business contract o Parents must approve marriage or arrange it o Ex The Duchess only met twice but marriage contract is made o Ex Titanic arranged marriage ensured survival for family Symbols to show if parents liked mate selection o Cold shoulder of meat or apple core in pocket if bad o Hearty hot meal if good High degree of control vs medium control o High degree Godfather courtship He must speak to godfather accept gift and chaperoned by older generation o Medium degree peer based mostly in America Still exists today Sorority and Fraternity socials and date functions Mate Selection in Nuclear Era Based on dating system o Finding someone you love and care about o Private dating invented with automobiles get to know other person better Linked to marriage common to marry high school sweetheart