UGC 112 1st Edition Lecture 17 Outline of Current Lecture I War Production and Culture II Main Points a Relevance for Today III Revolution in Mexico IV Broad Reform Movements V Cultural Modernism 1 VI Cultural Modernism 2 VII Nations and Race Europe and USA VIII Making a Chinese Nation IX India Invented Traditions Current Lecture The Masses 2 War Production and Culture Europe is ramping up for WWI Main Points Cultural Modernism the whole sense that cultures around the world had a new sort of standard originated in Europe and imposed elsewhere around the world Changed conceptions about race and nations Distressing about this period ideas about race race and religion became confused There was an idealized sort of nationalism Relevance for today Creating nations within states different roots within them that have conflicting objectives Think of Afghanistan many states in Africa Reform vs Reformation o Don t underestimate reform s importance It is much harder than revolution National self images who creates them o What stands for a nation or a state What is the symbol of the US These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Flag bald eagle Statue of Liberty Constitution How are negative images of groups developed o Contrast between negative and positive images is stark Negative images are part of nation building Greeting of the day Meng Galabar good morning in Burmese Rice is Burma s source of income Burma used to be called Mayanmar and this used to be one of the major rice producing places in the world Revolution in Mexico Picture excellent political propaganda in Spanish Tierra Libertad land freedom and food Notice that they are all men swords and soldiers Notice the age of the members not young or new members of the military Diaz Regime a guy who had power from 1876 1911 He cooperated with a major outside power in the north Major issues 5 of people owned 95 of the land There was a reason that there were four quadrants here Multi concerned fight Long term effort Involved four competing groups o Peasant armies o Cowboys o Constitutionalists let s have reform o Military leaders Toll 1911 1920 is the time frame of the revolution o Took a toll of one million people this was nearly ten percent of Mexico s population great peasant revolution set the pattern for what was to come later in China Implications o Land is not guaranteed freedom did not exist Broad Reform Movements Social security systems Otto Van Bismark started social security He was a strong conservative wanted to maintain the balance of power in Europe Wanted to make Germany great Worker protection laws deeply concerned with violence upsetting rapid growth Germany was going through Family Assistance ensuring maternity leave a pension scheme o He started a welfare state widely accepted in Europe Cultural Modernism 1 Picture aspects of African culture Notice two faces on the right primitive tribal art Women in this picture compared to none at all in one from Mexico Women of Avignon Pablo Picasso lived to be well over 90 He was important in cultural modernism From Catalonia NE Spain His first word was pencil Other art forms as well music moved away from tonality turn to pentatonic scales experimental poetry is another example WWI before and after Popular press became significant it shaped images yellow journalism the whole notion that newspaper would pursue a viciously partisan point of view Cultural Modernism 2 Chinese braided hair sign of subjugation to Qing dynasty France Japan China Queen Victoria Germany in picture Shifts in China itself Boxer Rebellion efforts to change from within External Influences territory was grabbed Hong Kong and the new territory all grabbing treaty ports Local elements rebellions were becoming more significant Science and advance in engineering science made huge leaps forward on culture and the way which people lived o Nicholas Tesla statue of him stands in Niagara Falls Alternating current he was AC guy not DC makes it possible to transmit electrical current Nations and Race Europe and USA One of the very first American black people W E B DuBois died in 1963 in Ghana He was the first black to receive a doctorate in psychology He got his PhD in Germany graduated from Harvard Color line was the problem aka race Growing Racism Three important factors o 1 Social Darwinism implications of this doctrine were big Described the idea that animals and plants compete in a struggle for existence in which natural selection results in survival of the fittest Social Darwinism has shown people trying to reduce the power of the government Many people believes that this concept explains the philosophical rationalization behind racism imperialism and capitalism Gave Europeans a sense that they had the right to rule so much of the world and it was justified in taking over Africa o 2 Immigration Paradox Chinese Exclusion acts American policy began to shift as many people from Southern and Eastern and Central Europe o 3 Anti Semitism Jews received rights but those were gradually withdrawn due to pressures of self interested groups of people Dreyfus fine officer but was accused of espionage and treason These were fabricated causes Spent years of his life in prison before he was freed Forgery written by the Russian secret police protocol of the elders of Zion Still circulates around world today Henry Ford Making a Chinese Nation China had three different choices it could make in the 19th century What path to follow Second choice Adopt with modifications take some good aspects be in a sense like Japan with its railroads and electricity Gradual rules in political reform alternative reject it all Sino Japanese War fought between the Qing dynasty and the Meiji Japan primarily over Korea Nationalism Sun Yat sen father of China s nation Tai Ping Rebellion failed revolution of the 19th century Double Ten ten ten eleven aka 10 10 1911 or October 10 1911 This day was significant because it is the anniversary of the Wuchang Uprising It signified the ending of more than 2000 years of dynastic rule in China and ushered in the Republican Era 1911 1949 This led to a period of warlordism China was divided by warlords middle to end of 1930s India Invented traditions Who initiated change Rabindranath Tagore 1861 1878 o Tagore was a poet from Bengal touched on political and personal topics o He reshaped literature and music o Push