Chapter 1 Review urges and desires 1 Freud proposed that there is a n unconscious mind into which we repress threatening 2 Functionalism is heavily influenced by the work of Darwin 3 Wundt referred to the process of examining and measuring one s own thoughts and mental activities as objective introspection 4 The psychological perspective that is associated with William James is functionalism 5 Today Gestalt psychology ideas are part of which branch of psychology Cognitive PSYC 6 7 Freud believed that early childhood experiences were the most important 8 Freud s theory of psychoanalysis is still in use by professionals today with less John Watson believed that phobias are learned through the process of conditioning emphasis on sex and sexual motivations 9 What did Watson believe about behavior Behavior is learned 10 Which early perspective in psychology associated with William James focused on how the mind allows people to adapt live work and play Functionalism 11 The belief that every experience can be broken down into its individual emotions and sensations is known as structuralism 12 Within the field of psychology mental processes refer to all internal covert activity of 13 Gestalt psychology is best described by the slogan The whole is greater than the sum our minds of its parts 14 Why was William James reluctant to accept Wundt s ideas regarding introspection and structuralism James felt that consciousness is an ever changing phenomenon and that it was not possible to objectively measure it without altering it 15 Pavlov showed that a reflexive response could be induced by a formerly unrelated 16 Which of the following is true about Gestalt psychology It focused on perception of stimulus patterns and whole figures 17 Annabeth believes that psychology should focus on the purpose of the mind how it allows us to work play and adapt to our surroundings Annabeth would be most aptly described as a Functionalist 18 By making a loud noise when Little Albert was presented with a rat John Watson taught the baby to fear rats This proved that Phobias could be learned through conditioning 19 William Wundt 20 The view that objective introspection could be used on thoughts as well as physical is known as the father of psychology sensations is known as structuralism 21 When Rashid graduated from college he believed he had finally achieved his full 22 Cognitive Psychology potential Maslow called this self actualization information focuses on how people think remember store and use 23 Psychologists in the counseling specialization must be liscensed to practice in their states 24 Anna is 45 years old and is suffering from hot flashes and extreme moodiness From a biopsychological perspective Anna s symptoms can be attributed to menopause 25 How does humanism differ from psychodynamic theory and behaviorism Humanism focuses on people s ability to direct their own lives 26 Biopsychology has found mounting evidence of a biological cause for schizophrenia 27 A psychiatrist has a medical degree and is a medical doctor 28 The largest subfield of psychology is clinical 29 The bystander effect says that people are less likely to help someone in need of help as opposed to if they saw someone in help with the absence of others around 30 According to the behavioral perspective a child who cries and is rewarded by getting his mother s attention will cry much more in the future 31 Which perspective focuses on the biological bases for universal mental characteristics that all humans share Evolutionary 32 Cognitive Neuroscience system during thinking is the study of the physical changes in the brain and nervous 33 Only 40 of psychologists are employed in educational settings 34 Evolutionary psychology looks at humans aversion to bitter tastes as a n adaptive behavior born of early humans avoidance of poisonous plants 35 The psychodynamic perspective draws from the work of Freud 36 Which professional has a doctorate degree and works with humans or animals in a 37 According to B F Skinner behavioral responses that are followed by pleasurable variety of settings Psychologist consequences are reinforced 38 Mary is a psychologist who focuses on the role of the conscious and unconscious mind To which perspective does Mary ascribe psychodynamic 39 Grover who lives in Pennsylvania has been feeling very sad lately and has decided to see a mental health professional in order to receive a prescription for some antidepressant medications He will also engage in psychotherapy with this individual Grover is most likely to visit a psychiatrist 40 The sociocultural perspective studies the effect people have on one another both individually and in a large group 41 Harboring a belief that all male motorcyclists wear beards then only noticing bearded motorcyclists is an example of confirmation bias 42 Sasha sat in the preschool classroom and watched the children play writing down how well they interacted with each other The children could see that Sasha was watching them so they made an attempt to be extra well behaved for her Sasha s research will be impacted by the observer expectancy effect 43 The first step in the scientific method is perceiving the question 44 In an experiment it is best to divide participants into the control or experimental group by using random assignment 45 A drug company is determining the effects of a treatment for depression Neither the researcher nor the participants know who is getting the treatment and who is being given a sugar pill This type of study is double blind 46 Experimenters control the effects of extraneous or confounding variables upon members of experimental and control groups by using random assignment 47 One drawback to the survey method is the way in which a question is worded can affect the answer 48 A researcher wants to determine how most U S college students feel about the president Which of the following groups provides a representative sample for this researcher s survey Students selected randomly at college campuses across the country 49 Mrs Lewis participated in a study in which she was given no treatment for her condition Mrs Lewis was in the control group 50 If deception is necessary participants must then be debriefed after the study 51 If a researcher finds that people s shoe sizes increase as their height increases then shoe size and height have a n positive correlation 52 In a negative correlation the 2 variables have an inverse relationship 53 Critical thinking is
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