Family Diversity Exam 2 Power point Slides Culture Culture and Language Diversity How to communicate as professionals when clients learners do not share a cultural background or speak English as a first language Terms CULTURE Environment shaping our lives o the beliefs customs arts etc of a particular society group place or time o Beliefs values behaviors materials social organizations language religious practices etc o A way of thinking behaving or working that exists in a place or organization Such as a business even the different programs within FSU college of business vs college of music vs college of human sciences etc ESOL English for Speakers of Other Languages o Language arts program which is competency based and provides instructional opportunities for adult Limited English Proficient LEP or Potentially English Proficient PEP students The length of the program is based upon the study needs of each student LEP Limited English Proficiency o Individuals who do not speak English as their primary language and who have a limited ability to read speak write or understand English can be limited English proficient or LEP These individuals may be entitled language assistance with respect to a particular type of service benefit or encounter Levels of Culture Level 1 Obvious external o Languages habits art ceremonies traditions practices Level 2 Can understand through information o Feelings ideologies knowledge beliefs values Level 3 Lived implicit understandings May lead to misunderstandings between individuals of different cultural backgrounds o Assumptions mind set consensus Cultural Differences in Communication Style Formal vs informal Independence vs authority Reflectivity vs immediacy Participatory vs passive Cooperation vs competition Time Space Nonverbal differences Gender and age roles Florida Facts Schools 67 school districts Students with LEP in every district o Hillsborough 16 000 o Small districts 400 1 000 Spanish first Multiple other languages 150 countries represented Diverse Family Cultures Enculturation o Teaching directing o Expectations of others Acculturation o Learning observing o Expectation for self What is Intimacy Closeness o Two types Relationships of Intimacy Gender Intimacy as a Social Construct Ch 7 Intimate relationships most intense with what possible effects Is romantic love universal and worldwide or particular and unique o Do men and women view intimacy similarly o How does the media construct intimacy for men Women o Dr Helen Fisher research Asked have you ever been rejected romantically Have you ever rejected romantically What of males said yes Females Do men and women differ in the way they communicate How Fisher also studied brain activity and love Love activity is in the same brain area as 3 other human activities o Where we feel rewards craving motivation focus o Where we calculate wins and losses and willing to risk it all to get what we want o Where we experience the most addictive substances Do you see parallels For those now in long term intimate relationships met where 38 At work or school 34 Through family or friends 13 At a nightclub caf or other social gathering Other less common o Internet increasing source 37 adult singles have tried an internet dating site Many use internet to screen dates o Church synagogue religious space or event o Chance same neighborhood recreational facility etc Pew Research data How has Intimacy Changed and Why Courtship to dating to hook up culture All exist to some degree but trends have changed Who had the power in courtship Dating What has changed in each of these approaches What influenced the changes What are the potential dangers of this trend Socially Individually Growing Concern Does Social Networking Increase Isolation NO isolation is no different o In person contact remains 1 method of communication o 90 of 18 22 year olds maintain contact with core networks electronically o Positive Correlation People involved in neighborhood library cafes bars parks etc those involved in social networking Implication YES isolation is higher o Fewer ties o More loneliness o 12 Americans have no discussion confidents Additional concerns o Cyber relationships o Teen sexting Contemporary Marriage Ch 8 Marriage Trend Marriage rate declining o In 1960 72 of American adults were married By 2008 52 were married o Attitudes and behaviors vary by age How do Kara and her mom differ on views about marriage Kara s mother wants her to find a man immediately no matter the age or even if he is gay while Kara wants to establish a life and have a romantic relationship with someone she loves first Change in Factors Once Associated with Marriage 44 adults more than 50 adults aged 30 49 say they have cohabited at some point o 64 say they thought of their living arrangement as a step toward marriage But 50 cohabiters break up before Marriage is becoming disconnected as a prerequisite for parenthood in our society Over the past 50 years the share of children born to unmarried mothers has risen dramatically increasing eightfold from 5 in 1960 to 41 in 2008 Class and Marriage Patterns In a reversal of long standing marital patterns college educated young adults are more likely than young adults lacking a bachelor s degree to have married by the age of 30 o Norm for adults w college education good income o Markedly less prevalent among lower SES Less advantaged want to marry but they place a higher premium on economic security as a condition for marriage which is less likely for those with lower SES Education and Marriage Education is a key factor in marriage rates for adults of all races Those with a BA or higher were both more likely to be married less likely to cohabit and their marriages lasted longer Public hasn t entirely discarded the traditional male breadwinner template for marriage 67 say that in order to be ready for marriage it s very important for a man to be able to support his family financially just 33 say the same about a woman Interracial Marriage Increasing A record 14 6 of all new marriages in the United States in 2008 were between spouses of a different race or ethnicity from one another Among all newlyweds in 2008 9 of whites 16 of blacks 26 of Hispanics and 31 of Asians married someone whose race or ethnicity was different from their own Marriage is Generally Good for Both Adults and Children Wealthier o 2 incomes o Healthier Children o Women more likely to make men go to doctor o o Higher school achievement o