Physiology and Animal Form and Function Circulatory System Why did the Circulatory System Evolve In flatworms all cells are within 1mm of water No need for Circulatory system Physical structure form of an organism and or it s components Study of the mechanical physical and biochemical functions of living organisms Nervous tissue consist of nerve cells or neurons and several types of supporting cells Cell body accepts information then decides to send a signal to the axon and then form there that s where information is being passed Smooth muscles is an example of Arties Secretes Pheromones or Hormones Apical side of epithelium where the food is placed at Basolateral side of epithelium inside of the body Basal lamina connects epithelium to other tissues and connects to the body The reason why they are packed so closely is because you have the ability to regulate where the cells go from either the apical or basolateral side The apical side of an epitheloum lines organs and secretes mucus Larger species have a larger volume How do things change with body size Allometry Allometry How things change with body size The smaller the animal you have a larger surface area and volume and from there you are losing heat water The area volume affect the animal s overall physiology Metabolic Rate Co2 production Oxygen Consumption ways to measure metabolic rate Figure 42 4 Muscle Tissues Epithelial Tissue Figure 42 6 Epithelial Tissue cubed volume is going faster than the surface area Increase the body mass lifting weights example Volume increases faster than surface area as animals become longer bigger Per gram metabolic rate is Lower if animal is larger Adaptions that increase surface area Gas Exchange and Circulatory System both important Why can Pnueomia kill you Linear Homeostasis term coined by Walter Cannon Regulate Maintain stable conditions in the internal environment Each variable has a set point a normal or target value Chemical and Biological reactions tend to happen faster at higher temperatures Q10 typically between 2 and 3 Humans are endothermic homeotherms Production vs Maintenance conversion efficiency 1 4 mammal vs 50 lizard Adds more fluid which creates this problem for oxygen to go through the capillaries because you re filled with it
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