EXAM 1 What is direct democracy Government in which citizens vote on laws and select officials directly What is representative democracy those who govern and pass laws also called a republic Government in which the people elect What are the meanings of democracy a way of governing a type of nation and a variety of processes It is divided into three broad categories a system of interacting values a system of interrelated political processes and a system of interdependent political structures It is a way of life a form of government What is statism rights of the individuals who make up the nation The idea that the rights of the nation are supreme over the They instituted a theocracy a system of government in which What kind of government did the Puritans institute in Massachusetts and how did it function religious leaders claimed divine guidance and in which other sects were denied religious liberty The set up a state church which barred men from voting based on church membership Women slaves and native Americans could not vote at all What was the stated purpose of the Constitutional Convention in 1787 devise such further provisions as shall appear to them necessary to render the constitution of the federal government adequate to the exigencies of the union to What was the impact of shays rebellion on american politics need for a strong national government just as the call for the constitutional convention went out it highlighted the The compromise between northern and What was the 3 5 compromise southern states at the constitutional convention that three fifths of the slave population would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the house of representatives Why was the constitutional convention conducted secretly intent of the meeting was only to revise the Articles Because the original of Confederation None of the delegates had been authorized by their state governments to make sweeping changes to the Articles let alone to throw them out entirely and start over When the delegates realized that the best course of action was to create a new national government they decided to keep their arguments and debates secret to keep outside interference form derailing the project before it had a chance to be completed So it wasn t even the Constitutional Congress until after their work was done and the document was presented to the public What was the most common number of chambers in legislatures chamber legislative system since colonial times two What was the conneticut compromise the constitutional convention for a bicameral legislature with a lower house in which representation would be based on population and an upper house in which each statewould have two senators The compromise agreement by states at What type of government did the federalist want to establish They wanted a strong central government What was the purpose of the federalist papers voters of new york to ratify the constitution They wanted to persuade the How and when did the constitution come into effect and had to be ratified by 9 of the 13 states it came into effect in 1789 What country first adopted a written constitution America The United States of How do the branches of government check and balance each other enacts legislation which the president must sign into law of veto The supreme court can declare laws passed by congress and signed by the president unconstitutional but the president appoints the justices and all of the other federal judges with the senates approval The president administers the laws but congress provides money to run the government Moreover the senate and the house of representatives have absolute veto power over each other because both houses must approve bills before they can become law Congress How does the supreme judicial branch check and balance the other branches They can declare laws passed by congress and signed by the president unconstitutional What is divided government especially when one holds the presidency and the other controls on or both houses of congress Governance divided between the parties What is separation of powers legislative executive and judicial branches with the legislative branch making law the executive applying and enforcing the law and the judiciary interpreting the law Constitutional division of powers among the How can the Executive branch expand its powers sometimes overcome the restraints the constitution imposes on The president can Why did the founding fathers establish checks and balances in the constitution The established the system of checks and balances to prevent the branches of government and officials from pooling their authority and acting together So that each branch would have a role in the actions of others What is judicial review government regulation that in the opinion of the judges conflicts with the U S constitution or in a state court the state constitution The power of a court to refuse to enforce a law or a How does the supreme court declare laws unconstitutional be tried in the appropriate court of original jurisdiction for example US District Court The party that loses at the trial level may then appeal through the proper channels for example the US Court of Appeals for the appropriate Circuit Then the party that loses at the Circuit Court level may file a petition for a writ of certiorari with the US Supreme Court The suit must first Optionally the Supreme Court may exercise its jurisdictional discretion to take a case on appeal directly from District Court bypassing the US Court of Appeals Circuit courts but they would have to believe there was a compelling reason to do so In order to be considered the case must demonstrate a clear violation of the Constitution that is detrimental to the nation its institutions or populace Issues with a broad impact are more likely to be reviewed than those with a narrower impact If the Supreme Court finds the case worthy of review they grant certiorari receive the files from the lower courts and place the case on their docket The doctrine allowing the Supreme Court to evaluate legislation for constitutionality is called judicial review If the Supreme Court determines a law violates the constitution the law is nullified and any convictions or decisions made exclusively as a direct result of that law could be reversed What is executive privilege The power to keep executive communications confidential especially if they relate to national security What is the originalist
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