SYO3100 Exam 1 1 Which institution is the backbone of society Why Include in your answer reference to what a social institution is and the functions it serves A social institution is a cluster of social behavioral patterns organized to meet basic needs The family is a social institution that can be labeled as the backbone of society because the family shapes individuals and determines what society will experience For example the family primarily determines characteristics of individuals such as race ethnicity class culture and religion Source The Family Is powerpoint 2 Distinguish between the family and a family A Family is defined by the government as a unit made up of two or more people related by blood marriage adoption and who live together form an economic unit and bear and raise children The Family is considered an intimate environment in which two or more people either Live together in a committed relationship see their identity as attached to that of the group in important ways share functions and close emotional ties Source Benokraitis page 5 3 Is the perception of what a family is held by the public the same as the official definition of the family Census No the census definition of a family requires that two individuals of opposite sex be married and have children The public holds various views of what a family is For example gay couples can adopt children couples can use fertility treatments that allow a baby to have more than two parents foster parents who care for children that biologically are not theirs and children who are raised by family members other than their parents 4 Define and illustrate the following concepts constructs Social Group A collection of people who interact with each other and share similar characteristics and a sense of unity online definition Social Category A collection of people who do not interact but share similar characteristics online definition Group Types text Primary characterized by close long lasting intimate and face to face interaction Example The Family Secondary characterized by impersonal and short term relationships in which people work together on common tasks or activities Example Sociology Class Marriage A socially approved mating relationship text Monogamy one person is exclusively married to another person Polygamy a man or woman has two or more spouses Cohabitation A living arrangement in which two people who are not married and not related share living quarters and usually have a sexual relationship text Conjugal Family A family consisting of parents and their children and grandparents of a marital partner online definition Nuclear Family A family consisting of a wife a husband and their biological or adopted children text Traditional Family Can be defined as a nuclear family Single parent Family A family that consists of one parent and children Blended Family A family consisting of a couple and their children of their and all previous relationships online Extended Family A family in which two or more generations live together or in close proximity text Endogamy a cultural rule that requires people marry and or have sexual relations within their particular group text Exogamy a cultural rule that people marry outside of their particular group text Stepfamily A household in which two adults are biological or adaptive parents heterosexual gay or lesbian with a child from a prior relationship who elect to marry or cohabit text Patrilineal Descent A kinship system in which children take their father s last name this is the typical kind The Family Is ppt Matrilineal Descent A kinship system in which children take their mother s last name The Family Is ppt Bi lineal Descent A kinship system in which children take the last names of both of their parents or hyphenating them The Family Is ppt Matriarchy A familial relationship in which the authority is held by the oldest female usually the mother Women control cultural political and economic resources and consequently have power over men text Patriarchy A society or familial relationship in which the positions of power and authority political economic legal religious educational military and domestic are generally held by men text Family Household Living quarters containing all residents that are related Non family Household A householder living alone or with non family members Kinship System A network of people who are related by marriage blood or adoption text Family of Orientation The family into which a person is born text Family of Procreation The family a person forms by marrying and having or adopting children text Patri local Residence When a couple and their children live with or near the father s family The Family Is ppt Matri local Residence When a couple and their children live with or near the mother s family The Family Is ppt Neo local Residence When a couple and their children create their own residence and environment not in close proximity to either the wife s or husband s family The Family Is ppt Homogamy Dating or marrying someone who possesses similar social characteristics such as ethnicity race religion age and social class text Heterogamy Dating or marrying someone from a social racial ethnic religious or age group different from one s own text Serial Monogamy Marrying several people one at a time that is marrying divorcing remarrying divorcing again and so on text Divorce The legal and formal dissolution of a marriage text 5 Compare and contrast above terms whenever applicable For instance distinguish between social group v social category primary v secondary group traditional v non traditional family marriage v family etc Social Group vs Social Category Both collections share similar characteristics but a social group interacts on a normal basis whereas a category does not Primary vs Seconday Group A primary group is long lasting and close such as the family However a secondary group is only temporary and not very personal like our spring semester SYO3100 class 6 Why is it important to understand the myths about the family Include in your answer the specific generalizations held about the family and the facts that counter their validity Over the years myths about the family have been ingrained into our minds as common sense so these myths should be understood so that they can be debunked from society For example one myth is that the family is a safe haven which is not true in the sense that a lot of families are sources of divorce abuse assault and