Wednesday June 13 2012 CCJ3011 Lecture 17 First Lecture For Exam 3 Exam 2 Breakdown 75 class average 80 5 pts added to each exam Final Exam 3 Not Cumulative Lots of definitions in last section of course for Exam 3 Interpersonal Crimes of Violence Causes of Violence Personal Traits 1 Neurological impairment 2 Low intelligence 3 Psychotic symptoms Ineffective Families 1 Absent deviant parents 2 Inconsistent discipline 3 Lack of supervision 4 Sexual physical abuse These linked to become violent offenders Evolutionary Factors Human Instinct 1 Humans have instinctual violence promoting traits Exposure to Violence 1 Constant exposure may lead to adopting violent methods Also applies to neighborhood level they are forced to live there and see such acts of violence Substance Abuse 1 Both individual and social levels Substance abusers have higher rates of violence Neighborhoods with high levels of substance abuse have higher rates of violence Cultural Values 1 Violent areas seem to cluster together 2 Subculture of violence helps to explain this phenomenon Violent Crimes We Will Be Discussing Murder Assault Rape and sexual assault Robbery Hate crimes 1 Murder and Homicide Homicide The willful killing of one human being by another Not always a crime E g self defense Murder Unlawful intentional killing of a human being by another without legal justification Committed with malice aforethought willful and intentional disregard for human life Degrees of Murder 1 First Degree Murder unlawful killing of a human being by another with malice aforethought and premeditation Premeditation considering planning act beforehand Also killing that accompanies a felony E g robbery usually constitutes first degree murder Felony Murder 2 Second Degree Murder unlawful killing of a human being with malice aforethought but not premeditation Crimes of passions Implies impulsiveness 2 Manslaughter occurs without malice aforethought or premeditation Voluntary non negligent Manslaughter unjustified killing that arises out of an intense conflict that provoked violence Involuntary negligent Manslaughter unjustified killing that occurs when a person s acts are negligent and without regard for the harm of others E g Drunk Driving Patterns of Homicide The degrees of murder homicide arise from many causes motives and situations Four patterns of homicide 1 Subculture violence 2 Situational 3 Serial Killing 4 Mass Murder 1 Subculture of Violence Subcultures Groups of people who share norms values beliefs that differ significantly from those of the dominant culture Violent subcultures demand members to make violent responses to certain social situations Helps us understand why homicide becomes a way of life in certain communities 2 Situational Homicide 1 Primary expressive homicide Most common type Occur between family members friends acquaintances Usually spring from an interpersonal conflict 2 Non primary instrumental homicides Occur during another crime pursuit of some goal Victim offender usually have no prior relationship affiliation 3 Serial Killers Killing of three or more people in three or more separate events Usually live a double life Types of serial killers 1 Visionaries missionary kill based on hearing voices having visions 2 Comfort profit kill for financial material gain 3 Thrill motivated Hedonistic kill for excitement pleasure by inflicting pain 4 Thrill motivated Power exercise authority dominate victim Often times will sexually assault rape victims not for pleasure but to on victim assert dominance Mass Murder Killing of four not 3 as the book says or more individuals in a single event Unique offenders easily to apprehend or the offender usually commits suicide Victims randomly selected part of targeted group E g School shootings mall shootings etc Mass Murder Cont Types of Mass Murders 1 Revenge get even with individuals society 2 Love save love ones from threat danger E g Father goes bankrupt and kills entire family to save them from the pain 3 Profit seek money material benefit gain E g Bank Robberies 4 Terror create fear panic also send a message E g Gang killing of rival gangs to send a message to the other gang Thursday June 14 2012 CCJ3011 Lecture 18 Assault Assault Attempted commission of bodily injury or frightening the victim by word or deed Does not require actual striking the victim Battery Nonconsensual physical contact E g slapping hitting punching Assault with battery is most common violent crime in the U S according the F B I Categories 1 Aggravated assault 2 Simple Assault injury Types of Assault Stranger Assault The attempt to commit or the commission of serious bodily harm injury upon an individual o Usually includes use of a weapon deadly force that leads to injury death The attempt to commit or the commission of less serious physical o Usually does not include use of a weapon o Instrumental assault occurs for achievement and involves planning o Expressive assault spontaneous act of violence E g robbery E g bar fight Acquaintance Assault o Intimate partner o Child abuse o Domestic violence pattern of abusive behavior in a relationship used by one partner to gain maintain power control over another partner Also known as intimate partner violence Over 9 10 victims are women and 9 10 offenders are men Cycle of Violence o Tension building phase o Acting out phase o Honeymoon phase Acquaintance Assault Cont o Child abuse physical emotional trauma to a child for which there is no reasonable explanation o Types of Abuse 1 Physical abuse 2 Neglect supervision 3 Sexual Abuse molestation 4 Emotional Abuse non accidental infliction of harm failure to provide food clothing shelter medical care or exploitation of children through rape incest and non accidental infliction of mental injury o Approx half of child abuse cases is neglect o Most vulnerable children are under three years of age o Male offenders account for the majority of child sexual abuse Females represent majority of offenders in overall child abuse cases Rape and Sexual Assault Sexual assault The use of physical violence threat or intimidation to commit a sexual act on the victim Forcible rape The carnal knowledge sexual intercourse of a person by force and against the person s will Most serious type of sexual assault Attempted Rape Attempt to rape by force threat of force Statutory Rape Sexual intercourse with a minor Types of Rape 1 Date rape Rape that involves people who are in some form of courting relationship Most research
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