Pathogen Charactersitics Diseases Symptoms Produces coagulase produces penicliase Local lesions on skin Systematic when local moves inside body Osteomyelitis when it gets in bones most serious pathogen of staph dangerous because it resist many disinfectants and antibiotics most frequently isolated from the nostrils common infection is follicultits staph will not be present in a hamburger a foreign object can hold all types of staph catalase test will differentiate staph and strep Resistant to methicillin hospital strength Normal resident of skin and hair follicles opportunistic and nosocomial infections with medical divides Likes throat nasopharynx and skin Erythrogenic toxin that causes scarlet fever Common on fomites most serious strep pathogen TSS strep toxin acts as superantigens group b pathogen found in the vagina causes neonatal would and skin infections transfer to babies during delivery Primarily affects immunocomprimised patients heavily encapsulated diploccous common cause of bacterial pneumonia and attacks patients with weakened respiratory defenses major virulence factor is the capsule can form biofilms on tissues implicated by dental caries subacute endocarditis mass colonization of heart valves following dental procedure Mucous membranes Invade epithal cells could cause infertility could lead to salpingitis mixed anaerobic infection of adomen virulence factors include fimbriae that promote attachment surface molecules that promote attachment IgA protease and fimbriae that slow phagocytosis gram negative diplococci begins when bacteria enters the blood stream and passes into the cranial circulation and multiplies in meninges and brain releases endotoxin and causes hemorrhage and shcok occurs as an epidemic human carriers spread by respritory secretions and droplets aerobic genus and is causative agent of Staphylococcus aureus MRSA Staphylococcus epidermis Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcus agalactiae Streptococcus pneumoniae Viridans streptococci Neisseria gonorrhoeae Neisseria meningitidis Bacillus Pneumonia food intoxication scalded skin Strep TSS Strep Anthrax Meningitis and otitis media middle ear fever cough cyanosis discharge infection of deeper reproductive structures may cause scarring anthrax a zoonis that exist in cutaneious pulmonary and gastrointestinal forms bacillus primary live in the soil textile workers are the most at risk Cutaneous enters trhough small cuts and abrasions in the skin Vaccine is an inactivated toxin Virulence polypeptide capsule and exotoxins Pulmonary inhalation of spores Gastrointestinal ingested spores Treated with penicillin tetracycline or ciprofloxacin Vaccines live spores and toxoid to protect livestock anaerobic genus whose members exert their effects primarily thorough the relaes of powerful exotonis ec attacks a specific tissue virulecnce factors alpha toxin causes RBC rupture edema and tissue destruction collagenase hylauronidase DNase 2nd most common form of food poisoning world wide symptoms caused by the bacterial infection not a toxin made by the bacteria intoxification associtated with canned foods paralyzes the muscles of the respritory tract chemical released is acetylcholine rare but severe common in soil and water treated with penicillin acts on neuromuscular junction antibiotic associated colitis gastrointestinal infection acquitted duing drug therapy normal resident of colon major cause of diarrhea in hospitals causes teatuns when tetanospasmin affects the cental nervous system common resident of soil and GI tracts of animals pathology neurotoxin causes paralysis by binding to motor nerve endings blocking the release of neurotransmitter for inhibiting muscle contraction muscles and contract uncontrollably death most often due to paralysis of respiratory muscles control with penicillin or tetracycline and muscle relaxants causes gas gangrene ingestion could cause food poisoning Botulism Lock jaw a neuromuscul ar disease Tetanus Anthracis S S S Clostridium perfringens Clostridium botulinum S Clostridium difficile Clostridium tetani S Listeria monocytogenes NS Corynebacteriu m diphtheria NS food infection associated with contaminated meat and dairy products lives in the soil and water aerobic rod with metachormaic granules and palisades arrangement most important virulence factor is diptherotoxin targets the heart and nervous system Food poisoning diphtheria Sore throat Nausea Vomiting Swollen lymph nodes Mycobacterium tuberculosis NS NS Mycobacterium leprae Pseudomonas aeruginosa E coli Salmonella typhi Salmonella enteritidis others Non coliform Lactose negative enterics Shigella Non coliform lactose neg divided into pulmonary infections involving formation tubercles in the lungs destruction of lysosomes w in macrophages cord factor occupation does not affect susceptibility to TB infection sites is the tubercules produce no exotoxins or enzymes TB Violent coughing Greenish or bloody sputum Fever Anorexia Weight loss Fatigue acid fast staining strict aerobes produce catalase possess mycolic acids and unique type of peptidoglycan grow slowly chronic disease that begins in the skin but quickly moves to the nerves Tuberculiod leprosy is superficial eherase leprotomatious leprosy cause more sever disfigurement Cant be grown in the lab Not highly virulent Appears that health and living conditions influence susceptibility and the course of disease opportunistic causing infections in compromised host such as burn patients and those suffering from cystic fibrosis pneumonia is the most common infection in a compromised host responsible for infantile diarrhea and uti cattle is the resvoir for e coli 0157 H7 responsible for most travel related gastrointestinal diseases entertoxigenic typhoid fever spread by humans through contaminated food and water spread through contaminated meat milk and dairy humans primary res antibiotic resistance rise bc adding antibiotics to animal feeds Leprosy Pneumonia Nosocomial infections UTI Abscesses Otitis Corneal disease Food poisoning and pneumonia drug resistance spread by feces fingers food and fomites virulence factor common to all gram neg bacteria is endotoxin lipid A of lipopolysaccharide accounts for most of its adverse effects primary pathogen for enteric group shigellosis can be spread by direct person to person contact because the organisms infectious does is appx 200 organisms Shigellosis a bacillary dysentery characterized by painful diarrhea with bloody mucous and stools
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