REL2300 July 31st Overview IV Christianity Part II and Islam Christianity Part II 1 Who was Arius and what did he say about Jesus Arius around 300 C E was a Bishop of Egypt who held the view that Jesus was a human being Thought he was a great and an ideal human being but nonetheless he was not son of God The title Son of God was a courtesy title 2 In what countries will one find Eastern and Western Churches Eastern Greece Russia Romania Bulgaria Ukraine Western Western Europe 3 Describe the main differences between Eastern and Western Churches Eastern Church the nature of Jesus has two separate natures God first created Jesus and then the Holy Spirit when baptized you get dunked and bread and wine body and blood Western Church God and Jesus created the Holy Spirit Jesus is the Divine and Human in one when baptized you get sprinkled and ONLY bread 4 What is the status of the Pope in the Western Church and Patriarchs in the Eastern Church Eastern Church Always held to a decentralized consensus based model Decisions regarding doctrines and practices made by local community members in consultation with patriarchs and bishops Western Church Centralized authority is vested in the Pope The Western Church includes at this point that Christians in the West as yet we had no Catholics and Protestants 5 Who was the father of Reformation Martin Luther 6 What were main objections Martin Luther took against the Catholic Church No indulgences and criticize the authority of the pope 7 Describe two main contentions of Martin Luther 1 Sola Fides live by faith 2 Sola Scriptura live by scripture 8 Describe two main commandments of Christianity Know thy God Know thy Father Love thy neighbor 9 Trinity in Christianity God son and Holy Spirit Islam 1 Place and year of birth and death of Muhammad Born 570 C E in Mecca Died 632 C E in Medina Yathrib 2 Muhammad s parents wife and tribe Father Abdallah died 6 months before Muhammad was born Mother Amina died when Muhammad was about 6 years old Wife Khadija married him at age 40 she was 15 years older than him businesswomen Tribe Quraysh 3 The first Sura revealed to Muhammad Iqra The Recitation Chapter 4 Know the meanings of the word Islam and Muslim Islam submission to the will of God the religion Muslim one who believes in the religion of Islam 5 Who are the children of Abraham Isaac and Ishmael Ishmael where Muhammad came from Muslim lineage Isaac Jews and Christians come from 6 How is Jesus viewed in Islam Jesus is viewed as a prophet in Islam 7 What is Hadith Tradition It is defined as what the prophet Muhammad said did Sunna and approved or disapproved of 8 Usury drinking and gambling in Islam Practiced before Muhammad but after they were NOT allowed 9 Halal and Haram Halal permissible allowed Haram sinful 10 Marriage and divorce in Islam Both legal Marriage must be a legal document Divorce is only a last resort 11 The meaning of word Qur an Recitation or that which is going to be recited Define 12 Shari a Islamic law or Islamic Jurisprudence 13 Qiyas and Ijma Qiyas Deduction or logical inference by analogical reasoning Ijma General consensus of people of 3 generations after death of prophet Muhammad 14 Sunnies and Shi its Sunnies any Muslim who is pious man of knowledge and capable of governing can become leader of nation Shi ites Imam must be blood related to Muhammad 15 The Term Caliph or Imam Caliph or Imam Leader of the Muslim Nation 16 How many Suras are in the Qur an 114 Suras Chapters 17 What are the different characteristics of Mecca and Medinan Suras Meccan Suras deal with the basics of Islam Medinan Suras deal with the ethical social and political aspects of Islam 18 Know the Five Pillars of Islam 1 Profession of faith Shahada 2 Prayers Salat a Face Mecca recite bow 3 Fasting in the month of Ramdam saum 4 Almsgiving or charity Zakat 5 Pilgrimage Hajj a Kabah large black stone in Mecca 19 Describe the main differences between Islam Christianity and Judaism Judaism Jesus was a nice guy but NOT Messiah Christianity Jesus was Messiah Islam Jesus was a prophet 20 Know the importance of the following years 570 C E 612 C E 622 C E and 632 C E 570 C E Muhammad born in Mecca 612 C E Muhammad became a prophet 622 C E Calendar starts and migration of prophet to Medina 632 C E Muhammad died in Medina Yathrib