Noam Perez Alyssa Samek I Chapter 11 a Prior to speech analysis COMM107 FINAL STUDY GUIDE i Listenable speech one that is formatted in a way that when it is received it is understood by listeners ii Preparation time is directly correlated with the quality of the speech iii Speech participants the speaker and the members of the audience iv Speaking setting where the speech is given what the time limit is when the presentation is made and the attitude of the audience v Purpose of the speech the speaker s expected outcomes for the presentation vi Audience analysis assessing the demographic race age gender education occupation psychographic attitudes and beliefs and rhetorographic place time limit time of day emotional climate characteristics of your listeners vii Goal of speech to inform or persuade viii Topic of the speech ix Method of speech development how you plan to approach the speech b Ethics of public speaking i Speaks with sincerity ii Does not alter truth iii Raises listeners level of expertise by supplying necessary facts definitions descriptions and substantiating information iv Gives credit where credit is due v Plagiarism vi Fabrication c Process speech analysis i Cough meter audience loses interest increase in coughs ii Adapting to audience reaction 1 Vocal variety interesting stories startling facts d Post speech analysis i Q A sessions ii Polls tests questionnaires e Modes of presentation types of delivery i Impromptu ad lib mode speech given with little or no preparation 1 Lack of time in preparing less effective ii Extemporaneous mode developing a set of talking points in notes or an outline to assist in presenting ideas 1 Speech planning outline a brief framework used to think through the process of the speech contains major ideas of speech without elaboration 2 Speech presentation outline flesh out outline with examples and illustrations and write out internal summaries and forecasts 3 Outlining a Parallelism b Coordination c Subordination d Division e Form i Topic outline words phrases w o punctuation ii Sentence outline complete sentences 4 Mind mapping method of arranging materials visually rather than in list form iii Manuscript material is written out and delivered word for word iv Memorized speech speech committed to memory f Oral and physical presentation elements of delivery II Chapter 12 a Supporting materials i Stories ii Specific instances define terms give historical info explain iii Exposition iv Statistics v Analogies vi Testimonies expert and personal vii Techniques 1 Internal summaries a short restatement of what has just been 2 Forecast statement that alerts the audience to ideas that are said coming 3 Signposting speaker reviews where listeners have been states where they are presently and forecasts where they are going 4 Visual aids 5 Audio aids 6 Audiovisual aids b Connectives i Transition phrase that signals you are moving on to next point ii Internal preview intro or preview of that main point iii Internal summary summary after the main point iv Signpost calls specific attention i e first second third finally c Evaluating source credibility III Chapter 13 a Introductions i 5 criteria 1 Gain audience attention 2 Reveal topic 3 Establish credibility 4 Relate your topic to your audience 5 Preview main points b Methods of arrangement i Spatial by place ii Time from a beginning point to an ending one iii Topical by component parts iv Casual how two or more events are connected in such a way that if one occurs the other will necessarily happen v Comparison contrast vi Problem solution c Conclusion i Criteria 1 Signal the end of speech 2 Summarize all main points 3 Memorable last line IV Chapter 14 a Types of informative speeches i Speeches about 1 Objects 2 Processes 3 Events 4 Concept ii Informative briefing to present information to a specialized audience followed by the exchange of data ideas and questions among participants iii Team briefing group informing audiences of their findings iv One on one briefings v Technical report informing customers researchers on technique process vi Professional paper speech about speaker s area of interest vii Lecture viii Question and answer session ix Speech of introduction identify person who will be speaking to audience V Chapter 15 a Aristotle s three modes of proof i Ethos 1 Competence 2 Charisma 3 Character ii Logos iii Pathos b Structure of logical arguments c Fallacies i Inductive and deductive structures 1 Inductive uses specific instances to make a claim about a general conclusion 2 Deductive uses a familiar or commonly accepted claim to establish the truth of a very specific claim a Enthymeme premise is not directly stated b Disjunctive argument either or argument in which true alternatives must be established c Conditional argument if then i Hasty generalization ii False dilemma iii Faulty analogical reasoning using an analogy that isn t sound iv Faulty casual reasoning when a speaker claims without qualification that something caused something else v Ad hominem attacks personal character of a source vi Ad populum bandwagon vii Ad ignorantium attempt to prove that a statement is true because it cannot be disproved viii Slippery slope if then with an inaccurate then claim d Policy stock issues i Need ii Plan iii Practicality 1 Cure 2 Advantages disadvantages 3 Counterarguments e Maslow s hierarchy of needs i Top self actualization ii Middle aesthetic needs need to know and understand iii Bottom safety needs physiological needs f Appeals that motivate listeners i Adventure ii Anger iii Fear iv Happiness v Health vi Safety vii Sex viii Humor ix Sympathy x Savings
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