Chapter 10 Participating in Groups Participants are those members of a group who interact to bring about the actions of the group Leaders are those who guide the group Leadership refers to those who influence the group to accomplish its goal Cultural Differences in Groups Euro Americans o Use groups to get things done rather than for strengthening the bonds of members of the group o Individualistic o Believe ppl can discover truth is they apply the scientific method to the decision making process ppl affected by decision are often not included in decision making group o Proposal counterproposal negotiating a plan solution is presented and then a counteroffer is made o Females vs males Japan stresses group culture distaste for purely business transactions adds personal info in sense of identity is group o Those affected by the decision are included in decision making group o Make decisions based on detailed information rather than persuasive arguments The Group Participant Silent majority those who say nothing during the decision making process All group members should be knowledgeable use expert opinions and facts Respect others don t dominate the discussion Take an active role in communicating Group maintenance focuses on the social dimension of the group gain and Set aside own prejudices listen do what s best for group maintain cohesiveness of the group o Treat others with respect maintain a positive attitude encourage others pay attention to nonverbal messages assume an active role Group task goals making sure the group accomplishes its goals o Initiate ideas encourage diverse ideas use reasoned thought stay open minded be aware of hidden agendas an objective or purpose that goes beyond the constructive interest of the group as a whole be cognizant of time constraints Impossible people 1 of the population who are so self absorbed and impossible to work with 9 are just difficult to work with o Don t placate the troublemaker refuse to be goaded into a reciprocal pattern try to convert disruption into a constructive distribution confront the difficult person directly separate yourself from the difficult person if all else fails Someone is trying to manipulate the group if o Buttering up make members of the group feel good so they can ask for something they want o Guilt repetition selective memory bullying The Group Leader and Group Leadership Leader may be elected or appointed by an outside source or may volunteer or may emerge by taking control Leadership power stems from various sources in the dynamics of a group leaders gain power by legitimate power inspiring a sense of responsibility in followers reward power providing followers with things they desire coercive power taking away rewards or administering sanctions and punishments expert power providing others with info and advice referent power providing others with self efficacy worth or approval Coercion influence the act of forcing another person to take an action he or she does not want to do Positive influence Transformational leadership person takes on the role of transforming agent can change both the behavior and outlook of his followers keeps the interest of the group and its goal in mind rather than forcing his will on the group gives up the command and control model of leadership Super leadership ppl lead themselves and thereby release the self leadership energy within each person Basic types of leaders o 1 Autocratic leader dominates and directs a group according to personal goals and objectives regardless of how consistent or inconsistent these goals are with group members goals o 2 Participatory leader facilitates a group according to the goals of its members and allows them to form their own conclusions encourages input from others everyone has a voice everyone feels included but takes a long time o 3 Free rein leader laissez faire leader nondirective and empowers group members to do their own thing Reasons ppl want to be leaders information rewards expectations acceptance status In preparation for a meeting a leader should o Define the purpose of the meeting list specific outcomes that should must be produced from the meeting establish the starting and ending times notify members of purpose agenda their necessary preparations the time place of the meeting seek member input in planning the agenda advise and prepare specific resource ppl for meeting make necessary physical arrangements get work items During the meeting a leader should o Describe the importance and purpose of meeting make an effort to establish a climate of trust and informality stimulate creative thinking stimulate critical thinking provide summaries and transitions watch time limits promote teamwork and cooperation equalize opportunities to participate and influence Follow up to the meeting a leader should o Remind members who agreed to do after meeting work if minutes are kept see that they are written and distributed forward group decision to another person if necessary do work for future meeting
View Full Document
Unlocking...