CHAPTER 1 TERMS Communication a conscious or unconscious intentional or unintentional process in which feelings and ideas are expressed as verbal and or nonverbal messages that are sent received and comprehended can be accidental no intent expressive resulting from the emotional state of the person or rhetorical resulting from specific goals of the communicator Intrapersonal Communication personal communication communicating with yourself Interpersonal communication communication that takes place between two or more persons who establish a communicative relationship Public Communication a speaker sending a message to an audience Selective Communication choosing the symbol we believe best represents the idea or concept we wish to express Source the originator of the message Receiver recipient of the message Messages communication Feedback response to a message Frame of Reference a perceptual screen Perceptions the way you view the world Encode taking ideas and put them into message form Primary Signal System the senses seeing hearing tasting smelling and touching Decodes translates Channel what the encoded message Is carried through Communication Noise an internal or external interference in the communication process Linear Model of Communication a source encodes a message and sends it to a receiver through one or more sensory channels Receiver then receives and decodes the message Interactional Model of Communication a source encodes and sends a message to a receiver through one of more of the sensory channels the receiver receives and decodes the message but then encodes feedback and sends it back to the source TWO DIRECTIONAL Transactional model of communication communicators simultaneously process message Communicator a encodes a message communicator b encodes feedback and sends it to a who decodes it Media radio tv internet magazines newspapers and film Intracultural Communication when you interact with those with whom you have a cultural bond Intercultural Communication when you speak to those with whom you have little or no cultural bond First Amendment Speech the protected right to speak without restrictions Ethical Communicators those who respect the integrity of ideas and concerns from the listeners List explain the components of human communication source receiver feedback frame of ref explain the effects of perceptions on the human communication process two people reporting an incident they both saw may report their observations diff may misinterpret identify define and give examples of the noise factors that affect the human communication process 1 environmental noise outside interference that prevents the receiver from gaining message in kitchen running water 2 Physiological impairment noise a physical problem can block the effective sending or receiving of message deaf person 3 semantic noise problems arise regarding the meaning of words soda vs pop 4 syntactical noise inappropriate grammar usage lets eat grandpa vs lets eat grandpa 5 organizational noise source fails to realize certain ideas are best grasped when presented in a structured order geography lesson by teacher 6 cultural noise preconceived unyielding attitudes derived from a group or society about how members should act attitude that any action done by a representative of one s own group is always right 7 psychological noise stress frustration irritation so angry can t think straight illustrate define and give examples of the linear interactional and transactional and transactional models of communication linear person a encodes message and sends to person b through one or more sensory channels person b receives and decodes message a interactional personal a encodes message and sends to person b through one or more sensory channels person b receives message and decodes it person b then encodes feedback and sends back to source transactional simultaneous encoding decoding and sending feedback between two people describe the concept of communication as a system participants purpose setting explain the role of the media as a communicator major influence on us we spend more than half our lifetime listening watching TV give evidence of the relationship between communication and culture influences how we communicate how our cultural affiliations affect us Way we speak interpret things define and explain ethnocentrism we consider the views and standards of our own in group as much more important than any out groups give an example of the role of the first amendment speech as a rhetorical tool explain the role of the ethical value system in communication words should be able to be trusted don t accept everything said na ve urban legends exceptions analyze the basis for ethical communication don t knowingly expose an audience to lies do not alter the truth tell the truth as your understand it supply the necessary facts definitions descriptions and substantiating information to lead the speaker to a reasonable conclusion do no invent or fabricate statistics of other info intended to serve as a basis for proof of a contention or belief give credit to the source of info CHAPTER 2 TERMS Language system of arbitrary signals such as sounds gestures or symbols used by a nation people or distinct community to communicate thoughts and feelings Cybernetic process senses bombard us with signals that beg to be interpreted and stored in our information bank then the cortex area of brain that stores computes processes some of these signals puts forth necessary info Language Explosion Theory proposes we build comm Skills from the core of language we develop early in life Significant Other Theory our understanding of self is built by those who react to and comment on our language actions ideas beliefs and mannerisms Linguistics the study of the sounds structure and rules of human language Denotative meanings direct explicit meanings Connotative Meanings implied suggested meaning often difficult for people to agree on exactly what these words mean Semantics the relationship or language and meaning Emotive Language employs connotative words to express the feelings attitudes and emotions of the speaker moving being riveting gripping Phatic language one whose function is to perform a social task greetings farewells Cognitive Language function is to convey information denotative Rhetorical Language to influence thoughts and behaviors persuasive speech Identifying Language centers on naming persons or things specifically ability to
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