UNIT 3: ANCIENT EGYPTIAN ARTSTUDY TERMS AND OBJECTSVOCABULARYHieroglyphicMeans small signs, sacred marks Used on tombs or temples DemoticEveryday cursive writing Pharaoh Egyptian kingKaImmortal spirit or soul HorusA god that is pictured as a falcon IconographyImages with meaning NemesStriped headcloth worn by pharos Uraeus Cobra Worn on headdressesEmblem of supreme powerIdealized (Idealization)Part of certain sculptures were idealized or wanted Aton Sun god Amarna PeriodLots of change and didn’t last long Amenhotep III / Akhenaton Sun diskOn the sunken relief sculpture of Akhenaten and his family Sunken reliefCarved into clayPyramidMastabaMeans benchRectangular with sloping sides Hypostyle HallMeans many columned Temple of amen-re Sphinx Cat with man head ColonnadeLine of columns ClerestoryKind of like windows ART OBJECTSPalette of King Narmer (Predynastic) - 25 in high - Made from slate - More ceremonial than for makeup use - Showed unification of upper and lower Egypt Khafre, from Gizeh (Giza) (Old Kingdom)- Made from diorite - Made durable so the Ka spirit could inhabit it Menkaure and Khamerernebty, from Giza (Old Kingdom)- Made from graywacke- A ka statue standing - A king and his wife Seated Scribe (Old Kingdom)- Middle income court member - Painted limestone- Body was idealized and face was realistic - Eyes look “alive” due to bronze and crystal Statue of Akhenaton (Amarna)- Made from sandstone - 13 ft tall - Proportions of the body are different - Looks more feminine with long and thin faceAkhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters (Amarna)- Sunken relief - Made from limestone - Unusual representation of the bodies Imhotep, and the Stepped Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara (Old Kingdom)- New type of structure - Does not exist in isolation - Mortuary complex including temples and places of worship- Many fake doors and chambersGreat Pyramids at Giza: Menkaure, Khafre, Khufu (Old Kingdom)- Oldest of the 7 wonders- Built within 75 years of each other - Kufus is largest and oldestGreat Sphnix at Giza (Old Kingdom)- Started as a stone quarry- Limestone - Pharaoh head and cat body Tomb of Hatshepsut (New Kingdom)- New kingdom - Near the side of a mountain - Contains colonnadesTemple of Ramses II / Abu Simbel (New Kingdom)- Sculptures were sculpted in a mountain side- Inside contains atlantes or male figures in