Quiz 6 Study Guide 1. From the 6th century BCE onward, Classical Greek civilization was motivated, among other things, by a interest in human experience for its own sake and on its own terms. What do we call this idea? True greek culture and civilization2. It was, in fact, a profound sense of what it was like for humans to interact with the gods that brought this idea alive. How did the Classical Greeks understand their relationship with the divine? Humanism: a concern for the study of human experience for its own sake, not for some divine purpose, and on its own terms3. To whom did some Classical Greeks turn for cultural direction, once they had, in essence, "banished" the gods? Philosopher 4. Which of the following was a consequence of the rise of humanism among the Classical Greeks? Modern medicine, natural science, philosophy5. To what general tendency or trend do the rise of philosophy, science, and drama point in ancient Classical Greek society? Priests were replaced by philosophers - secularization6. From what source did the Classical Greek genre and concept of drama probably arise? Directly out of religious ritual the theater 7. What vestige of this likely source is still to be found in Classical Greek plays? The Chorus dancing and chanting 8. E. A. Havelock denies that the so-called industrial revolution is revolutionary, at all. What does he call it instead? Industrial acceleration9. Industrialism, according to Havelock, has meant not bathrooms or books "but a bathroom in every house" and "billions of printed sheets." What have the new industrial processes done for civilized ways of life? Extended the range of ways of life which already existed till they cover most of the population 10. Opening "windows upon the infinitely large and infinitely small," according to Havelock, may have been bad for human morale. What was it good for? His mind11. What, according to Havelock, is the most conspicuous practice and general habit encouraged by the "unforeseen powers" of the human mind? The practice of precision measurement12. The civilization of the modern west, according to Havelock, is built upon an ascendancy. What or who has triumphed? Government13. Generations of westerners toward the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th schooled in modern forms of knowledge and precise, impartial judgment relapsed, according to Havelock. Into what? Practices of extreme primitivism14. What does he consider the savage outcome of this extraordinary reversion? Wage with an unrefined simplicity of objective, which force an abdication of all mature art of statesmanship.15. Havelock writes of, "the tragic sequence of the dilemmas which confronted men, of their disaster and their despair, and how they met their mixed portion of good and ill." What does he call this mixed portion? Constitutes the normal condition16. In the ancient drama of the Firegiver, according to Havelock, the modern reader confronts "the tragic dialectic of our own era." What is this tragic conflict and contrast? Crucify, Sin17. The Classical Greeks of ancient times discovered, perhaps even created, intellectual man, according to Havelock. Their vision of him was concrete and triumphant. What else was it? Precise ( 4,2,2) 18. "The Greeks then were not monolithic thinkers," writes Havelock. They polarized their understanding of the human condition "between opposing extremes." What did this make their view of human experience? Saw the life tragically, paradoxically19. The first historian, Herodotus, places a characteristically Greek statement in the mouth of a foreigner: "pity entered my heart… forthat the whole livelihood of man is so short, if out of all these men not one a hundred years hence will be left alive." Who? His uncle and adviser, artabanus.20. The tragic view of the ancient Greeks, according to Havelock, is not one sided. It combines a certain religious pessimism or resignation with something else. What? 21. The characters of Greek tragedy, according to Havelock, are women and men: "eager, violent, passionate, crafty, but always great and assertive." What type of characters are therefore absent? No heroes or villain22. "Dramatizations of I desire, I hope, I love, I hate, I will," they symbolize, according to Havelock, an "effective force." Of what? Of the first person singular23. The ancient Greeks were fascinated, though not always pleased by, human nature and power. They sought to chart the capacities and limits of the self. If not always good, what did they consider humanity? 24. "The genuine terror of Greek tragedy lies in the fact that the ultimate sanctions employed against man are not proportional to his admitted errors." What did the tragic figure confront through his effort and ambition? 25. What disaster has struck the city of Thebes at the beginning of the play, "Oedipus the King?" Plague26. From what primary source does Oedipus learn why the gods have "whipped up this storm" against the city? Creon27. Whose murder was the cause of the city's misfortune? King Laius 28. What punishment does Oedipus pronounce upon the undiscovered murderer? Exile29. Who tells Oedipus that he, Oedipus himself, is the cause of the Thebans' suffering? The blind man Midas Tiresias30. Whom does Oedipus accuse of plotting to overthrow him in a "palace revolution?" Apollo-Creon31. Where, according to the common story, was Old King Laius murdered? At a three way crossroad32. When first she hears Oedipus' story of the oracle's prediction that he will kill his father and marry his mother, how does Jocasta react? Calls him a liar tells a story33. What is the meaning of the name Prometheus? Forethought34. Havelock sees the opening scene of Aeschylus' Prometheus Bound as a conflict between opposing forces. What are they? Power and intelligence35. Who, according to Havelock, is the afflicted wanderer in Prometheus Bound who plays the helpless victim of arbitrary, inhuman power? Io, daughter of imachus 36. If, according to Havelock, the character of Prometheus in the play stands for or symbolizes intelligence, what potentially dangerous and threatening human quality does this victimized wanderer symbolize? Attraction to her sex37. This wandering victim will undertake a pilgrimage "to the confines of what seemed the inhabited earth." In this sense, she symbolizes the knowledge gained through geographic exploration. What, finally, does her journey produce for Prometheus? Produce the