● Republicans/conservatives take over public land.● herbicide spraying, trampling, over-grazing by cows○ planting of exotic grasses○ kills vegetation and natural habitatsSong: Loreena McKennitt● You can trace your genes back to ancient days● Chimpanzees have hierarchical family● Chimps - competition in sperm, young wait for old to die to take over harems.● vs. Gorillas - competition physically to take over.● Homo Sapiens went to most continents - were involved in large-scale migrating patternHominid Brain Size- gets bigger, shown in skull size. jaw also gets smaller, face flatter.Ape vs. Human- pure bipedal design > gives free movement of arms, easy locomotion that frees up arms.- all bones balanced on an axis from head to toe > makes us special- delicacy of bones gives us special ability to use tools.- skeleton of ape forms an open arch- skeleton of man forms an S curveBrain- Dale’s opinion: brain is hot topic right now- Scientists’ Q’s: How did we acquire consciousness? Imagine?- Where does flexibility of consciousness come from?Water Ecosystems● An ecosystem = a self-sustaining system of organisms, chemicals, and physical conditioning● self-sustained so can be studied● food web obeys laws of thermodynamics● involves interaction between abiotic and biotic > passed through food chain● photosynthesis, respiration, and releasing carbonQ; what are elements of life? living things?A: carbon (C 116), hydrogen (H 220), oxygen (O 116), nitrogen (N 16), phosphorous (P 1), iron (Fe 0.01), copper● as you move up the food chain, there is less and less energy left, as it is lost on the way.● Producers (plants) > Primary consumers > Secondary > Tertiary > QuaternaryMaterial Flow - energy consists of material flowTypes of biological interactions● always involved 2 species● + = beneficial to a species● - = negative affect on a species● 0 = neutralExamples:Mutualism + + bacteria in our bodyCompetition - - 2 species eating one food sourceHost Parasite +
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