Slide 1Class OutlineNature-Nurture Debate (Santrock, 2015, p. 17)Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Class ReviewOverview of Psychosocial TheoryHans Saint-Eloi Cadely, Ph.D.HDF 201Spring 201601/28/2016Class Outline•Understand the biopsychosocial system.•Understand how psychosocial theory explains life span development.•Understand the epigenetic principle.•Understand the eight stages of psychosocial theory.Nature-Nurture Debate(Santrock, 2015, p. 17)•Nature–Biological influences•Nurture–Environmental influencesDevelopmental Systems(Feldman, 2015, pp. 5-6; Newman, 2015, pp. 6-9; Santrock, 2015, pp. 12-13)•Biological system–Physical development–Maturation •Psychological system–Cognitive development–Meaning-making system•Societal system–Personality development–Social developmentBiopsychosocial System(Newman, 2015, pp. 6-9; Figure adapted from Santrock, 2015, p. 14, Figure 1.8)Biological systemPsychological systemSocietal systemEpigenetic Principle(Erikson, 1968, pp. 91-96; Miller, 2002, p. 148; Newman, 2015; pp. 66-68)•Epigenetic principle – describes development as a plan (Erikson, 1968).–Crisis – referred to as a critical time period in an individual’s development (Erikson, 1968).•Central process – individuals make sense of their surroundings by changing their self-concept–Prime adaptive ego qualities–Core pathologies•See Tables 3.5 & 3.6 on page 79.Stages of Development(Miller, 2002, pp. 146-151; Newman, 2015, pp. 64-71)•Developmental stage – a time period in an individual’s life (Newman, 2015).–Developmental tasks – individuals learning required tasks during a particular time period.–Age-graded expectations – tasks needed to be learned during a particular time period.Psychosocial Stages of Development(Erikson, 1950, p. 273; Miller, 2002, pp. 151-157; Newman, 2015, p. 66, Fig, 3.2)Oral-Sensory Muscular-anal Locomotor-genitalLatency Puberty and AdolescenceYoung AdulthoodAdulthood MaturityBasic Trust vs. MistrustAutonomy vs. Shame and DoubtInitiative vs. GuiltIndustry vs InferiorityIdentity vs. Role ConfusionIntimacy vs IsolationGenerativity vs. StagnationEgo Integrity vs. DespairPsychosocial Stages of Development(Erikson, 1950, pp. 247-275; Miller, 2002, pp. 151-157; Newman, 2015, p. 79)•Stage 1: Basic Trust vs. Basic Mistrust (Birth – 1 year old)–Parent-child relationship–Prime adaptive ego quality: hope–Core pathology: withdrawalPsychosocial Stages of Development(Erikson, 1950, pp. 247-275; Miller, 2002, pp. 151-157; Newman, 2015, p. 79)•Stage 2: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (2-3 years old)–Muscular maturation–Independence–Prime adaptive ego quality: purpose–Core pathology: inhibitionPsychosocial Stages of Development(Erikson, 1950, pp. 247-275; Miller, 2002, pp. 151-157; Newman, 2015, p. 79)•Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt (4-5 years old)–Identification–Prime adaptive ego quality: competence –Core pathology: inertiaPsychosocial Stages of Development(Erikson, 1950, pp. 247-275; Miller, 2002, pp. 151-157; Newman, 2015, p. 79)•Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority (6 years old – Adolescence)–“Industrial age”–Prime adaptive ego quality:–Core pathology:Psychosocial Stages of Development(Erikson, 1950, pp. 247-275; Miller, 2002, pp. 149-157; Newman, 2015, p. 79)•Stage 5: Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence)–“Who am I?”–Prime adaptive ego quality: Fidelity to others & fidelity to values –Core pathology: Dissociation & repudiationPsychosocial Stages of Development(Erikson, 1950, pp. 247-275; Miller, 2002, pp. 151-157; Newman, 2015, p. 79)•Stage 6: Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adulthood)–Prime adaptive ego quality: love–Core pathology: exclusivityPsychosocial Stages of Development(Erikson, 1950, pp. 247-275; Miller, 2002, pp. 151-157; Newman, 2015, p. 79)•Stage 7: Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Adulthood)–Prime adaptive ego quality: care–Core pathology: rejectivityPsychosocial Stages of Development(Erikson, 1950, pp. 247-275; Miller, 2002, pp. 151-157; Newman, 2015, p. 79)•Stage 8: Ego Integrity vs. Despair (Late Adulthood)–Prime adaptive ego quality: Wisdom & confidence–Core pathology: Disdain & diffidenceClass Review•What are the three developmental systems?•What is the biopsychosocial system?•What is the epigenetic principle?•What are the eight stages of psychosocial