C RANIAL NERVES I. Cranial Nerves: 12 pairs, part of the PNS -Nerves that come off the brain & brain stem-CN I thru CN XII A. I. = Olfactory: tiny sensory (bipolar) neurons that run from the nasal cavity to the olfactory bulb. 1. Sensory: olfaction (smell) B. II. = Optic: sensory neurons that run from the retina to the optic chiasma. 1. Sensory: vision C. III. = Oculomotor: 1. Motor – Voluntary: to superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique & levator palpebrae superioris 2. Motor – Involuntary: a. Sphincter pupillae muscle of Iris (constricts pupil) b. Ciliary Muscle for changing the shape of the lens 3. Sensory – Proprioception(detection of skeletal muscle position) D. IV. = Trochlear: 1. Motor-Voluntary: to superior oblique 2. Sensory – Proprioception E. V. = Trigeminal: 1. Sensory: a. Cutaneous receptors (touch, temp., pain, etc.) of face; also, surface of eye, surface of tongue, lining of mouth, lining of nose, teeth & external ear. b. Proprioception 2. Motor – Voluntary: muscles of masticationF. VI. = Abducens: 1. Motor – Voluntary: to lateral rectus 2. Sensory - Proprioception G. VII. = Facial: 1. Sensory: a. Taste, from the taste buds on the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue b. Proprioception 2. Motor: a. Voluntary: muscles of facial expression b. Involuntary: to Lacrimal (tear), nasal, Submandibular (salivary), &Sublingual (salivary) glands Well known condition of CN VII – Bell’s (Bells) Palsy• Rapid onset of mild weakness to total paralysis on one side of your face — occurring within hours to days — making it difficult to smile or close your eye on the affected side• Facial droop and difficulty making facial expressions• Pain around the jaw or in or behind your ear on the affected side• Headache• A decrease in your ability to taste• Changes in the amount of tears and saliva you produce H. VIII. = Vestibulocochlear: 1. Sensory: Hearing & equilibriuma. b. I. IX. = Glossopharyngeal: 1. Sensory: a. Taste, from the taste buds on the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue b. Proprioception 2. Motor: a. Voluntary: to pharynx (swallowing)b. Involuntary: to Parotid (Salivary) gland J. X. = Vagus: 1. Sensory: a. from stretch receptors and pain receptors in the walls of the organs in the thorax & abdomen b. Proprioception 2. Motor: a. Voluntary: to pharynx (Swallowing) & Larynx (phonation) b. Involuntary: regulates contraction of smooth muscle & gland secretion of the organs in the thorax and abdomen K. XI. = Accessory: 1. Cranial portion: a. Motor - b. Sensory - Proprioception 2. Spinal portion: a. Motor - b. Sensory - Proprioception L. XII. = Hypoglossal: 1. Motor – Voluntary: to tongue muscles (Swallowing and speech) 2. Sensory - Proprioception Which of the following would be damaged if you could NOT move your eyestraight up? a. IV, trochlear b. III, oculomotor c. V, trigeminal d. VII, facial e. VI,
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