Previous TheoristsPangenesisAll part of the body make seeds that are then collectd and transmitted to offspringSpermistsHomunculus (little man) in sperm. Father responsible for everythingOvistsMom’s egg entirely responsible for inheritance. Sperm only stimulates egg to developBlending Theory of InheritanceFactors from both mom and dadMendelFather of geneticsPhysics taught himWorld is orderly placeHermaphroditePlant/animal that has reproductive organs normally associated with both male and female gendersSnails (example of animal)Mendel chose peasPeas have distinct characteristicsStructure allowed for easy crosses where the parents could be controlledAnther (on end of pod) contains the pollen grains (plant sperm) where the male gametes are producedOvary and ovule are contained within the pea of the plantPollenContains two nuclei (2 sperm)One sperm goes and fertilizes diploid cell(diploid-two sets of chromosomes)haploid- one settriploid- three setsEndo sperm nucleus provides foodFertilized egg- zygoteMendelTwo types of crossesSelf fertilizationPollen and egg are derived from same plantCross fertilizationPollen and egg are derived from different plantsHybridizationThe mating or crossing between two individuals that contain DIFFERENT characteristicsPurple flowered plant X white flowered plantHybridsThe offspring that result from hybridizationMorphological characteristics of organismsCalled characters or traitsTrue breederVariety that produces the same trait over several generationsTraits Mendel studiedEach of these had two possible outcomes of trait (called variants)HeightColor of flowerPosition (axial v terminal)Color of seedSeed shapePod colorPod shapeHe first crossed only two at a timeCalled monohybridizationParentsP (TT x tt) ?OffspringF1 (Tt x Tt) ?Next genF2 (TT x Tt x Tt x tt) ?For all seven traits studiedF1 only presented one traitF2 showed a 3:1 ratioEvery single timeData suggested a particulate theory of inheritanceAllelesDifferent versions of same geneHomozygousIndividual w/ two identical alleles of geneHeterozygousIndividual w/ two different alleles of geneGenotypeSpecific allelic composition of individualPhenotypeOutward appearance of individual Previous Theorists- Pangenesiso All part of the body make seeds that are then collectd and transmitted to offspringo- Spermistso Homunculus (little man) in sperm. Father responsible foreverything- Ovistso Mom’s egg entirely responsible for inheritance. Sperm only stimulates egg to develop- Blending Theory of Inheritanceo Factors from both mom and dad- Mendelo Father of genetics Physics taught him World is orderly place Hermaphrodite- Plant/animal that has reproductive organs normally associatedwith both male and female genderso Snails (example of animal) Mendel chose peas- Peas have distinct characteristics- Structure allowed for easy crosses where the parents could becontrolledo Anther (on end of pod) contains the pollen grains (plant sperm) where the male gametes are producedo Ovary and ovule are contained within the pea of the plant- Pollen o Contains two nuclei (2 sperm) One sperm goes and fertilizes diploid cell (diploid-two sets of chromosomes) haploid- one set triploid- three setso Endo sperm nucleus provides foodo Fertilized egg- zygoteMendel- Two types of crosseso Self fertilization Pollen and egg are derived from same planto Cross fertilization Pollen and egg are derived from different plants Hybridization- The mating or crossing between two individuals that contain DIFFERENT characteristicso Purple flowered plant X white flowered plant- Hybridso The offspring that result from hybridization Morphological characteristics of organisms- Called characters or traits True breeder- Variety that produces the same trait over several generations  Traits Mendel studied- Each of these had two possible outcomes of trait (called variants)o Height o Color of flowero Position (axial v terminal)o Color of seedo Seed shapeo Pod color o Pod shape He first crossed only two at a time- Called monohybridization Parents- P (TT x tt) ? Offspring- F1 (Tt x Tt) ? Next gen- F2 (TT x Tt x Tt x tt) ? For all seven traits studied- F1 only presented one traito F2 showed a 3:1 ratio  Every single timeData suggested a particulate theory of inheritanceAlleles- Different versions of same gene Homozygous- Individual w/ two identical alleles of gene Heterozygous- Individual w/ two different alleles of gene Genotype- Specific allelic composition of individual Phenotype - Outward appearance of