Abby Papariella Critical Evaluation OutlineUrine TherapyI. Urine therapy is one measure some take in order to prevent or cure sickness, improve beauty, or cleanse their bowel system. Many of those who choose to drink their own urine often mix it with some kind of juice or serve it over fruit in order to drown out the taste. Some prefer it straight, and others like it steaming hot. The reason for this seemingly absurd action is rather fascinating. The intake of one’s own urine is claimed to be effective against numerous illnesses such as cancer, AIDS, chicken pox,the flu, and a hefty amount of others. It is also claimed to be the new cure for acne and skin cleansing. It is increasingly becoming so widely attractive due to its constantavailability, easy portability, and priceless cost. II. Urine therapy has been a widely ancient tradition for the Indians, Egyptians, and eventhe French. It started as a practice derived from the Bible and other religious writings.Only recently has it been observed as a more common custom in the US.- In 2004 Dainis Michel began using urine therapy as a way to cure his numerous medial issues due to his tinnitus. Since then he has reported an increase in strength, intensification in his hair color, and has only been sick two days due to large emotional situations. He claims that urine has not only healed his wounds, but his life as well (Robinson)- In 2007 John Bettens was diagnosed with lymphoma. After a series of treatments, none of which seemed to be working, doctors recommended urine therapy. The results were outstanding, and his cancer was soon eliminated. John is blessed with the results and continues to drink urine every day (Betten).- Martha Christy tells an amazing story of how she believes urine therapy to be the most powerful medicines known to man. She claims to have had ongoing illnesses for 30 years and went through a numerous amount of surgeries. She decided to try urine therapy, and not only is she illness free, but she also experienced the fastest, most dramatic results ever (Christy).- The famous American singer and actress Madonna claimed on the Late Show, hosted by David Letterman, that she would urinate on her feet in the shower inorder to cure her athletes foot (Tarantola). - The famous English theater and film actress Sarah Miles says she drank her own urine for thirty years of her life. She gets offended when people question her habit. She claims that drinking ones own urine will cause immunity to allergies and other diseases (Tarantola). III. Urine therapy is a controversial treatment for cancer but is claimed to be more effective and have greater benefits than radiation and chemotherapy. A lot of people have a stigma on the usage because they are not aware of its betterment. Many claim urine is toxic, but it actually contains 95% water, 2.5% urea, and 2.5% of minerals,salts, enzymes, and hormones. These statistics are primarily for healthy urine. It varies person-to-person and depends on what the subject eats and drinks throughout the day. The major rationale behind this somewhat absurd behavior is that urine contains antigens that cancer cells release. When one ingests this urine, those antigenswill work with the antigens already present in the body and serve as a more powerful immune response (Armstrong). IV. The origins of urine therapy are ancient and it is most commonly derived from the Bible. Proverbs 5:15 says “Drink water out of your own cistern.” Whether people are taking it out of context or not is another story. Towards the beginning of last century, a book titled One Thousand Notable Things was published in England, Scotland, and Ireland. It states, “Drink your own water in the morning nine days together and it cures the scurvy, makes the body lightsome and cheerful” (Lupton). These are just two of many quotes from which urine therapy originates. V. The ancient use of Urine Therapy to treat various diseases and supposedly fight off cancer is rapidly increasing in society today. It has become more popular over the past hundred years and continues to be practiced amongst many. The health benefits, if any, are being explored by scientists and the general public. If they find any major breakthroughs, I predict that almost all people will use this treatment. Modern advocates are sharing their many discoveries with the world, trying to emphasize that the cure to any man’s sickness is within himself. VI. Due to the lack of scientific evidence, urine therapy has not been termed a reliable method for fighting off cancer and other various diseases. The only real confirmation that this method works comes from testimonials of users. There are numerous cases where people claim that drinking their own urine saved their life, but that is not enough for someone like myself to try it. Those who practice are the only ones who understand its efficiency and those who do not view it as absurd. It supposedly cures or reverses many incurable infections, but there is not enough consistent evidence to deem this statement true. Modern advocates use pseudoscience to explain the benefitsof drinking ones own urine. Urine is unquestionably priceless and always readily available. So if it were a worthy method of combatting diseases, why aren’t more people partaking in the activity? It could be due to the fact that once urine exits the body it becomes contaminated with a lot of bacteria that would be harmful upon consumption. Why would you want to put something back into your body that it was trying to get rid of in the first place?SourcesArmstrong, John. The Water of Life. London: The C.W. Daniel Company, 1971. Print. Betten, John. "John’s Story." Urine Therapy. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Oct. 2015.Christy, Martha. "Your Own Perfect Medicine." Urine Therapy A Natural Alternative That Works. FutureMed, Inc., n.d. Web. 25 Sept. 20115.Lupton, Thomas. A Thousand Notable Things. London: Printed for G. and T. Wilkie, 1793. Print.Robinson, Shirley. "Testimonials of Healing with Urine Therapy of Humans and Animals." Urine Therapy: Healing Testimonials of Humans and Animals. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Oct. 2015.Tarantola, Andrew. "Why You Definitely Shouldn't Drink Your Own Pee." Gizmodo. N.p., 24 Oct. 2014. Web. 01 Oct.