Jour 3745 1st Edition Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture I Dealing with Violence II Behavioral Effects a Other potential effects III 6 High Risk Contexts IV Faulty public effects Outline of Current Lecture I II III Social Identity a Social identification b Characteristics Stereotypes a Social psychological perspectives b Cultural critical c Impact Physical stereotypes a Women b Men Current Lecture Social Identity A self concept that is based on group membership and the emotional attachments associated with the membership Social Identification the process by which we define ourselves in terms and categories that we share with other people Social Identity Gender vs biologic sex Sexual orientation Race socially constructed Ethnicity national origin and culture Age Class socioeconomic Profession Ideology liberal conservative moderate These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Other Social Identity Markers Religious Jewish Christian Muslim Hindu etc Political affiliation feminist republican environmentalist Relationships mother parent teenager widow Stigmatized identities homeless person person with AIDS Alcoholic Social Identity characteristics Many groups vs Meaningful groups Shared values beliefs norms etc Reference group Events historical and current Intersectionality The condition in which a person simultaneously belongs to two or more social categories and the unique consequences that result from that combination How does social identity develop Social process Self Categorization In group vs out group Norms values beliefs become aligned with in group Stereotype The oversimplified held about an individual or a group of people and the oversimplified characteristics assigned to them based on their group membership Social Psychological Perspective Stereotypes Ability to process incoming information Cognitive short cuts categorization Schemas stereotypes In group diverse vs out group stereotypes Cumulative effects cultivation theory Cultural Critical Studies Perspective Stereotypes Lens of power Patriarchal cultures Hegemony refers to the dominance of political and social elites over those with less social power Stereotypes reinforce and perpetuate power structure Impact of Stereotypes Minimize perception of diversity within certain groups Not all stereotypes are negative but some can lead to negative effects Perpetuate misrepresentations and misunderstandings Negative effect on individual whose social group is stereotyped self fulfilling prophecy Marginalize group s and perpetuate inequalities Gender Identity Sex biologically determined male female Gender Socially constructed masculine feminine Socially Constructed Identities are negotiated within a social context not biologically determined The degree to which people see themselves and others as masculine or feminine Gender socialization individuals learn about gender about what it means to be masculine or feminine from socializing agents Endangerment process by which a biological female becomes a socially constructed feminine being and a biological make becomes a socially constructed masculine being Hyper masculinity Hyper femininity gender based ideology od exaggerated beliefs about what is to be a man or a woman Female Physical Stereotypes Flawless skin no pores Perfect facial feature s Thin body Perfect long hair Social Comparison theory Leon Festinger Natural drive motivation to compare for self evaluation People seek information to make personal evaluations Learn norms of appearance Locus of control internal vs environment Similar vs Dissimilar other Other is deficient vs other is better Unintended effects women Low self esteem Large sums of money on beauty products Eating disorder Diet pills over the counter drugs Lifestyle prescription drugs Increase in plastic surgeries Depression suicide Masculine Physical Stereotypes Square jaws Full head of hair Six pack Unintended effects men Makes men feel inadequate causing them to go to extremes to achieve a false ideal Low self esteem Products lifestyle drugs steroids plastic surgery Eating disorders depression suicides