BIO_SC 1010 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture I. Genes are not active all the timeII. How are genes turned on and off?III. X-chromosome inactivation is an extreme case of gene regulationIV. Building a protein moleculeOutline of Current Lecture I. Noncoding Regions of DNAII. Short Tandem RepeatsIII. DNA ProfilingCurrent LectureNoncoding Regions of DNA • Coding sequences of DNA are extremely similar (conserved) from person to person• Not all sequences of DNA serve as instructions for making proteins• Noncoding sequences vary much more between individuals• Variation in noncoding sequences provides a genetic fingerprint Short Tandem Repeats• STRs are sections of a chromosome in which DNA sequences are repeated-for example, the sequence AGCT may be repeated over and over again • Same STRs location on chromosome• Differing in lengths of STR (number of repeats) DNA Profiling• DNA profiling takes advantage of the fact that no two people have the exact same DNA sequence These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.• Step 1: collect cells and extract DNA • Step 2: use PCR • Step 3: separate STRs using gel electrolytes -gel electrophoresis works by applying an electrical current to a gel loaded with DNA-the electrical current causes polar DNA to migrate through the gel-shorter fragments travel further, whereas longer fragments remain near the top • About 50% of the bands should relate to the parents• About 25% of the bands should relate to the
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