HIS102 1st Edition Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture I Pre existing Conditions a France b The Netherlands c Bohemia II Thirty Years War a Impact on the People b Peace of Westphalia c Effects of the War Outline of Current Lecture I Pre Conditions of Absolutism II France a Henry IV b Cardinal Richlieu c Cardinal Marazin d Louis XIV III Eastern Europe IV Russia a Ivan IV b Peter I Current Lecture Two forms of government emerge o Absolutism o Constitutionalism Preconditions of Absolutism o Traditional order of society defined by estates and ranks within estates Body Politic o Mounting pressures on peasants and nobles o Monarchs bent on increasing direct authority o Social structure is like a tree Nobility are the branches and the peasants are the trunk Impossible for peasants to move up These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o Absolute monarchs need some kind of support France Henry IV 1589 1610 o o o o Diffused religious turmoil Edict of Nantes Appealed to traditional nobility but also created nobility of the robe Economic reconstruction Assassinated in 1610 Cardinal Richelieu 1585 1642 o o o o Chief Minister for underage King Louis XIII Made royal power supreme in France and France supreme in Europe Destroyed nobles opposed to king and stripped Huguenots of their rights Administrative restructuring creating of intendants Cardinal Marazin 1602 1661 o Chief Minister for young Louis XIV o Dealt with Fronde reestablished royal power around 1653 Louis XIV 1661 1715 o o o o o o o Most pronounced example of royal absolutism Known as the sun king Motto was l etatc estmoi I am the state Commissioned the building of Versailles Strict economic policies Revocation of the Edict of Nantes Incessant wars Eastern Europe Eastern Europe is defined as anything east of the River Elbe Preconditions o o o o Less economically developed Estate agriculture serfdom Less prominent urban class Initially weak central governments Brandenburg Prussia o Frederick William 1640 1688 Great Elector Hohenzollern Dynasty o Inherited patchwork of lands consolidated them o Army is key to power o Deal with local nobles o Economics Prussia on the path of becoming a major European player his heirs followed this path Russia Ivan IV 1533 1584 o o o o o o Was he really terrible or grozny awe inspiring Expulsion of the Mongols Expansion into Siberia Centralization of state new service gentry oprichniki Oprichnina Economic consequences of his ruling Times of Troubles 1584 1613 Post 1613 Stabalization o Beginning of the Romanov Dynasty o Discontented among peasants Ulozhenie of 1649 Peasant revolts Peter I 1700 1725 o o o o o Was he really Peter the Great or just Peter the First Import of Western ideas values and technologies Changed society bureaucracy military Created Russian Navy and founded St Petersburg Economic distress burden of wars and reforms mostly on peasants Is Peter really as great as his name suggests