HIS 102 1st Edition Lecture 2Outline of Last Lecture I. Key Facts About EuropeII. Countries and Capitals to Know for Map QuizIII. Places to KnowIV. Rivers and Bodies of Water to KnowV. Mountain Ranges to KnowOutline of Current Lecture I. Europe at the End of the Middle AgesII. Religion in EuropeIII. Medieval Society in the “West”Current LectureEurope at the End of the Middle Ages• Cluster of events/developments used to constructperiodization• Periodization an argument• A time of many different empires Frankish Empire, circa 600 AD Empire of Charlemagne, around 800 AD Partition of Carolingian Empire, Treaty of Verdun, 843 AD Byzantine Empire, 6th Century Saracen Empire, circa 800 AD KievanRus and Eastern Europe, circa 1205 ADReligion in Europe• Roman Church with Pope at its helm; claims authority over all Christians• Schism of 1054– Western and Eastern Christianity (Orthodoxy)• Greek Orthodox Church/Russian Orthodox Church• Patterns of Christianization These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.• IslamMedieval Society in the “West”• Clergy: the people who dedicated their lives and work to religion.• Nobles: high ranking members of society.• Everybody Else (largely peasants during Medieval Age)• Organizing Principles– Feudalism: nobility holds the land from the king in exchange for military service, the vassals lived on the nobles’ land, and peasants worked on the land for free labor in exchange for military protection.– Manorialism: political, economic, and social system where peasants were tied to their land and their lord through serfdom.• Cities and City Dwellers– Guilds– Charters– Trading networks• Centrality of Roman Christianity in West– There was a lot of criticism directed against it• Life and Death• "New Monarchies" (France, Spain, England)• Holy Roman Empire– Limits to monarchical and imperial