PRE 305 4th Edition Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I Prenatal development and birth A Periods of prenatal development B Patterns of development C Fertilization D What affects prenatal development E Birth The mother s experience F Birth The child s experience Outline of Current Lecture I Infant physical and perceptual development A The newborn B Breastfeeding and development C Motor control D Threats to development Current Lecture The newborn The Apgar tests given to infants immediately after their born Measures body and brain functioning Infant states 1 Quiet alertness paying attention to what s going on able to learn from environment 2 Active alertness physical exploring or fussiness 3 Crying 4 REM sleep 5 Regular sleep Sleep newborns typically sleep in 3 4 hour stretches Large majority of infants sleep through the night 5 hours at a time by 3 months of age 1 Sleeping arrangements crib alone or co sleeping sleeping with parents or mother SIDS Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Often accidentally suffocated by blankets etc Recommended to put children on back and tuck blanket into crib to prevent suffocation Development of senses 1 Hearing 2 Taste 3 Vision least developed sense when infant is first born Depth perception Visual cliff methodology role of crawling Breastfeeding and development Impact on physical development Impact on cognitive development Exposure to mother s diet Impact on parent child relationship How long should infants breastfeed Usually the first 6 months of a child s life Barriers to breastfeeding mother going back to work economic stability Motor control Cephalocaudal and Proximodistal patterns of development Control of head and neck 1 Tummy time Crawling emerges usually around 6 7 months of age Children will have different styles of crawling Walking usually emerges around 1 year old Also varies by children Some may walk early but never crawl etc Threats to development Low birth weight prematurity tend to have risk with physical and cognitive development