Anthro 205 1st Edition Lecture 4Outline of Last LectureI. Ethnographya. Origins of the Wordb. Definitions and Definitions given by the teacherc. ObservationsII. Research Methods in Cultural Anthropologya. Methodsb. ObservationsOutline of Current Lecture I.Envisioning Powera.What is power?b.Levels of power/ Modalities of Powerc.Observation: Difference Between Tactile and structural powerII.Readingsa.Karen Ho – Liquidatedb.Eric Wolf – Introduction to Envisioning PowerCurrent LectureEnvisioning PowerWhat is power?- Always part of human behavior, not something outside of us- What causes inequality- Relational – Cannot be abstracted from human behaviorLevels of Power/ Modalities of Power:1. Individual PowerThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Ambition/ Achievement- Most we are familiar and comfortable with- As teachers said: “Pulling ourselves by the bootstraps”2. Interpersonal- The use of power between individuals- Between 2 people- Usually don’t pay attention to the context- We are also very familiar and comfortable with, but it is a familiarity limited to the relationship.3. Tactical and Organizational- Show potentiality- Far reaching power- Controls (limits or broadens) contexts of people’s lives4. Structural- Defines and organizes- Power to control labor- Affects people’s material powerOBS:  Difference between Tactile and Structural Powers:Ex: James Robertson – A man who has to walk 21 miles to get to work.Link: http://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/oakland/2015/01/31/detroit-commuting-troy-rochester-hills-smart-ddot-ubs-banker-woodward-buses-transit/22660785/Key Points:- Works for $10.53/hr- Has to walk 21 miles to work every day (4 hours to go, 13 to go back home)- Sleeps 2 hours a night to be able to make the commute- Boss uses him as a model- Boss’ wife feeds him before he starts his trip back- Can’t afford a carPutting the Example into Modalities of Power:1. Individual Power – His own will-power to go to work everyday2. Interpersonal Power - Car rides from other people, Boss3. Tactile Power – Worker’s rights, job security4. Structural Power – Public transportation, capitalism, cultural influencesTherefore: Tactile Power is in an industrial level (rules; policies) Structural Power is in an economical levelReadings: Karen Ho – Liquidated- Wall Street- Gives a perspective for reader to see reality (Why the economy really changes – events)- Makes us think about symbolic power vs. economic view of powerSymbolic Power:o Something that exists alongside economic powero Just as important and as powerful as economic powero How they (investment bankers, in this case) justify social ordero Makes it more difficult to understand moralityo Justifies inequalityEric Wolf – Introduction to Envisioning Power- “Keep in mind that ideas are not free, they are always linked to something bigger - POWER-.” “’Plays of power’ are always part of human relationships (4) ideas are always implicated in power.”- Key question: In what ways are ideas linked to