HY 204 1st Edition Lecture 8 Current Lecture1900-1914Sanitizing the CityI. America in a New Millennium A. Tough Living in Dirty Cities a. Population shifts towards cities-most areas are still rural b. Child labori. Lax labor laws at the time c. Violence and crime spike in the cities d. Pollution- horses; poor sanitation; burning coal II. Roots of Progressivism A. New Middle Class a. White, conservative families fighting to clean up the city’s “mess” i. Create healthy environments ii. Restore sense of order to all of the chaos B. Fear of moral degradation, contamination, and corporate domination a. Attempt to convert immigrants to Christian, Anglo-Saxon ways b. Believed corporations control government through monopolies III. Progressive Era Reforms A. Food Safety and Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle (1906)a. Sinclair was a muckraker looking to expose unsanitary food companies b. Consumers were upset about their rights to clean food c. Leads to the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906i. Put regulations on food/drug companies B. Social Justice These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Jane Addams i. College educated; middle class family, devout Christian ii. Believed in “Social Gospel”- doing the rights things for others b. Settlement House Movement i. Settle in with immigrants and teach them to live fulfilling American lives ii. Hull House c. Prohibition & Women’s Christian Temperance Movement i. Unintended tensions: infringed upon immigrant culture C. Political Machines a. Tammany Hall Ring- offered political favors for votes i. Targeted immigrants (uneducated and poor) ii. Upset the middle class because it corrupted politics D. City Commission & Environmental Cleanup a. Believed educated experts should be in control of local governments i. City commissions emerge b. Cities begin spending millions to fetch clean water i. Government controls 70% of water supply Development of streetcar