Geol 1040 1st Edition Lecture 8Outline of Last Lecture XV. Solar Systema. Earth’s Originb. Earth’s place in the solar systemc. Planets in the solar systemd. How the moon formedXVI. Exploring Geology: Chapter 2e. Scientist use the scientific methodXVII. The theory of plate tectonics: Chapter 3f. Idea of Continental drifg. Evidence (used by Wegener)h. Arthur Holmes provided ideas for the “mechanisms” behind continental drif in 1928XVIII. Fitting continents together todayi. Fitting S.A. and Africa together todayXIX. Types of Plate Boundariesj. Divergentk. Convergentl. TransformXX. Oceanic Platesm. The oldest sea floor is 180 million yearsn. When two oceanic plates converge Outline of Current Lecture XX. Hawaiia. Not at a plate boundaryb. Kauai is the newest islandXXI. Plate Tectonics cyclea. Subduction melts platesb. Rotates into asthenospherec. Warms up, floats to rifXXII. What drives plates motionThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Earth’s heating is the driving forceb. Theory of mantle movementXXIII. Paleomagnetism a. Earth’s magnetic fieldb. Magnetic polarity reversXXIV. Mineralsa. Made up of elementsb. Make up rocksc. Definition of mineralsd. Definition of rockse. Physical characteristics Current LectureXX. Hawaiia. Not at a plate boundaryi. Oceanic crust is raised by heatii. “hot spot”b. Kauai is the newest islandi. The farther an island is from Kauai, the older it isii. The heat source Is standing still and the plate is moving 1. The islands that are older cool, get more dense, and sink under the ocean waterXXI. Plate Tectonics cyclea. Subduction melts platesb. Rotates into asthenospherec. Warms up, floats to rifXXII. What drives plates motiona. Earth’s heating is the driving forcei. Slab pull1. Plates are pulled back into the mantleii. Ridge-Push1. Elevated ridge system pushes the plates2. Adds more materialb. Theory of mantle movementi. Material communicates from theupper and lower mantle and rotatethrough XXIII. Paleomagnetism a. Earth’s magnetic fieldi. Prevents solar radiationb. Magnetic polarity reversi. Every few thousand- 10’s of millions of yearsii. Magnetic field switches from North to Southiii. Takes a few thousands of years to complete iv. Changes in mag fields are preserved in volcanic rocks and some sedimentary rocksXXIV. Mineralsa. Made up of elementsb. Make up rocksi. Rocks make up lithosphere and mantle1. Lithosphere makes up platesa. Plates make up the Earthc. Definition of mineralsi. Naturally occurringii. Inorganic solidiii. Ordered internal molecular structure1. Way atoms are arranged shows shape of minerala. Halite (salt) has atoms that are arranged in a cubed form, therefore the mineral takes the shape of a cubeiv. Specific chemical compoundsd. Definition of rocksi. Solid mass of 1 or more minerale. Physical characteristics i. Lusterii. Crystal shapeiii. Hardnessiv. Streak colorv. Fracture or cleavagevi. Colorvii. Tasteviii.
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