Geol 1040 1st Edition Lecture 9Outline of Last Lecture XX. Hawaiia. Not at a plate boundaryb. Kauai is the newest islandXXI. Plate Tectonics cyclea. Subduction melts platesb. Rotates into asthenospherec. Warms up, floats to rifXXII. What drives plates motiona. Earth’s heating is the driving forceb. Theory of mantle movementXXIII. Paleomagnetisma. Earth’s magnetic fieldb. Magnetic polarity reversXXIV. Mineralsa. Made up of elementsb. Make up rocksc. Definition of mineralsd. Definition of rockse. Physical characteristics Outline of Current Lecture XXV. Mineral Physical propertiesa. Crystal shapeb. Colorc. Cleavaged. Lustere. Effervescencef. Hardnessg. Streakh. Magnetismi. Densityj. OtherXXVI. Classification of mineralsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Rock forming mineralsXXVII. Periodic tablea. Classes of minerals based on particular elementsb. Nativec. Sulfidesd. Carbonatese. Oxidef. Haliteg. Sulfatesh. SilicatesCurrent LectureXXV. Mineral Physical propertiesa. Crystal shapei. Most directly related to atomic structure and bonding (1 of 3)ii. Cubic1. Atoms are in a cubeiii. Prismaticiv. Hexagonalb. Colori. Many colors make up the same mineral sometimesii. Deceptive1. Asemyth quartz2. Rose quartz3. Smoky quartziii. Unreliable for mineral identificationiv. Variable due to changes in chemistryc. Cleavagei. Property most directly related to atomic structure and bonding (1 of 3)ii. Weaker bonds between atoms create 1 plane.iii. Stronger create 2,3, and upiv. No cleavage: fractured. Lusteri. How light reflects1. Glassy2. Vitreous3. Metallice. Effervescencei. Drop acid1. If it fizzes or nahf. Hardnessi. Property most directly related to atomic structure and bonding (1 of 3)ii. Moh’s scale of hardness1. 1-10, 10 being diamond hard.g. Streaki. Colored powdered samplesh. Magnetismi. Is it iron bearingi. Densityi. Specific gravityj. Otheri. Malleabilityii. Double refractioniii. Tasteiv. Smellv. ElasticityXXVI. Classification of mineralsa. Rock forming mineralsi. Common minerals that make Earth’s crust and mantleii. 15 elements make up 99% of Earth’s crustXXVII. Periodic tablea. Classes of minerals based on particular elementsb. Nativei. Cu, Au, Agc. Sulfidesi. Main: sulfurii. FeS2: pyrited. Carbonatesi. Main: carbonii. Calcite1. Makes up limestone and dolostonee. Oxidei. Main: oxygenii. Hematite1. High iron countf. Halitei. Main: chlorineg. Sulfatesi. Main: Oxidized sulfur (SO2)ii. Gypsum (used in dry wall)h. Silicatesi. Most important mineral groups!ii. Comprise most of the rock forming mineralsiii. Very abundant due to large amounts of silicon and oxygen in Earthiv. Basic building block: silicone tetrahedron2. Creates chains, double chains, sheets,
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