Friday, September 19, 2014SOCY: Structural Functionalism !!Social Structure!! • An organized pattern of behavior that governs ppls relationships within a society!! ! o Structure makes like orderly and predictable!! • Types of structure includes:!! ! o Statues!! ! o Roles!! ! o Groups!! ! o Organizations!! ! o Institutions!! • Social structures are bother emergent from and determinant of actions of individuals!!Durkheim The Functions of Deviance!! • Seminal functionalist thinker on the topic of deviance.. does not provide a theory in the strict sense of the term!! • Lays out the foundational assumptions of the functionalist perspective on deviance:!! ! o! Society is moral phenomenon!! ! o! Morality determines how ppl behave, their wants, and identities!! ! o! Morality is acquired in childhood through socialization!! ! o! Societies with high social integration generally have high conformity!! ! o! Anomie occurs when norms and values are poorly defines!! ! o! Deviance is functional in that the public response to it reminds ppl of what is acceptable and not… the “collective conscious”!1Friday, September 19, 2014•The Structural-functionalist perspective locates teh root cause of deviance and crime outside of the individual in the socal structures of society.!•There are two main causes of deviance and crime:!•Structrual opportunities to achieve goals by legit means!•Structrual opportunities to engage in deviant and criminal acts!•Members of groups with less structural access to legit opportunities will have less effective means to succeed by conforming to morally apprived ways.!!Merton "Structual Strain Theory"!•Extended Durkheim's ideas into strian theory!•Culture dictates success goals for all but institutional access limited to certain classes: American dream shared by all but only legit attainable by some!• Some of those excluded "Adapt"!......!!Cloward and Ohlin "Differential Opportunity Theory"!•Critical reformulation of Merton" he was correct that some groups have less opp. for achieving success legitimately!•But he was wrong to assume that members of excluded groups could always choose deviance!•They suggest that not all disadvantaged persons have the same opp for participating in illegitimate activities:!•Criminal: arise from access to deviant subcultures!•Conflict: attract persons with propensity for violence!•Retreatist: persons who seek to withdraw from society!•Such opportunities are affected by several factors including:!•community!•race and ethinicity!2Friday, September 19, 2014•sex and gender!•social