College Preparatory United States GovernmentFinal Exam Review FOUNDATIONS OF AMERICAN DEMOCRACY 1. Explain reasons for and origins of governments. A. social contract theory B. evolutionary theory C. divine right theory D. force theory E. anarchy F. law G. government H. monarchy 2. Describe different forms of democracy. A. direct democracy B. representative democracy C. republic D. principles of democracy3. Compare U.S. political institutions, process, and values with other governmental systems. A. parliamentary democracy B. presidential democracy C. authoritarian D. monarchy E. dictatorship F. unitary G. federal system H. constitutional monarchy 4. Identify notable individuals who played historic roles in establishing and maintaining the government. A. Thomas JeffersonB. James Madison C. George Washington 5. Trace the political ideas and historic documents that formed the foundation for the U.S. system of government. A. Code of Hammurabi B. Hobbes C. Locke D. Rousseau E. Montesquieu F. Magna Carta G. English Bill of Rights H. Romans I. Greeks 6. Analyze the political, economic, and social reasons that led to the writing ofA. The Declaration of Independence 1. colonial weaknesses B. U.S. Constitution 1. weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation2. Connecticut Compromise 3. Three-Fifths Compromise 4. Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise C. Bill of Rights 1. protection of individual rights and liberties D. Federalist Papers E. Anti-Federalist writings 7. Compare and contrast the arguments for and against the ratification of the Constitution proposed by the Federalists and Anti-Federalists. A. lack of Bill of Rights B. strong central government C. states’ rights 8. Understand the basic principles and structure of the U.S. Constitution. A. popular sovereignty B. separation of powers C. checks and balances D. limited government E. federalismF. judicial reviewG. republicanismH. individual rights I. preamble J. articles K. amendments 9. Explain the process of constitutional change. A. formal amendment process B. informal changes 10. Analyze the system of checks and balances. A. powers of each branch 1. Legislative 2. Executive 3. Judicial B. how each branch checks the others 1. L – E2. L – J3. E – L 4. E – J 5. J – L 6. J – E 11. Identify the division of powers between national and state governments. A. federalism B. delegated or expressed powers C. reserved powers D. concurrent powers E. denied powers 12. Interpret the concept that the U.S. has a “government of law, not of men”.A. U.S. Constitution THE POLITICS OF DEMOCRACY: POLITICAL BEHAVIOR, POLITICAL PARTIES, AND ELECTIONS 1. Trace the development of the two-party system in the U.S. A. Federalists B. Anti-FederalistsC. DemocratsD. Republicans 2. Identify notable individuals who played historic roles in establishing political parties. A. Andrew Jackson B. Abraham Lincoln C. Alexander Hamilton D. Thomas Jefferson 3. Analyze the role of minor political parties, media, and interest groups in the American political process. A. lobbying B. alternative issues and candidates 4. Identify factors that influence an individual’s political attitudes and actions. A. family B. education C. socioeconomic position D. independent voter 5. Identify categories that describe political attitudes. A. liberal B. conservativeC. moderate D. radical E. reactionary F. political spectrum 6. Analyze the functions of political parties in the U.S. political system. A. define issues B. nominate candidates C. promote compromise 7. Evaluate the involvement and participation of individuals in the U.S. political process. A. political parties B. interest groups C. elections 8. Explain the election process. A. caucus B. primary C. party platform D. national convention E. popular vote F. straight ticket G. split ticket H. electoral vote I. suffrage J. 15th Amendment K. 19th Amendment L. 24th Amendment M. 26th AmendmentTHE FEDERAL LEGISLATIVE BRANCH 1. Understand the structure and organization of Congress. A. Article I B. bicameral C. committee system D. seniority system E. Congressional leadership F. constituents G. redistricting H. gerrymandering 2. Evaluate the powers of Congress. A. expressed B. implied C. denied D. McCulloch v Maryland 3. Understand the differences between the House of Representatives and the Senate. A. constitutional qualifications B. terms of office C. exclusive powers D. filibuster 4. Trace the major steps by which a bill becomes a law. A. committee system B. role of interest groups C. power of the President5. Understand how the legislative branch interacts with the other two branches through its use of non-legislative powers. A. executive powers B. judicial powers THE FEDERAL EXECUTIVE BRANCH 1. Understand the structure and organization of the executive branch. A. Article II B. President C. Vice-President D. Cabinet E. bureaucracy F. Presidential succession 2. Identify the qualifications the office of President and Vice-President. A. constitutional qualifications B. informal qualifications C. Term of office – 22nd Amendment 3. Analyze the roles and responsibilities of the President. A. Chief Executive B. Chief Legislator C. Chief of State D. Chief Diplomat E. Commander-in-ChiefF. Chief of Party 4. Identify the duties of the Vice-President. A. President of the Senate B. 25th Amendment 5. Identify the various executive departments and functions of each. A. Cabinet level departments 6. Understand how the executive branch interacts with the other two branches. A. judicial powers 1. appointment 2. pardon, amnesty, reprieve, commutationB. legislative powers 1. veto 2. pocket veto THE FEDERAL JUDICIAL BRANCH 1. Understand the structure and organization of the judicial branch. A. Article III B. District Courts C. Courts of Appeal D. U.S. Supreme Court E. jurisdiction 2. Evaluate the selection process for the Supreme Court and other federal judges. A. constitutional qualifications B. informal qualifications C. term of office D. appointment and approval3. Describe the functions of the judicial branch. A. interpretation of constitutional law (judicial review) B. interpretation and application of statutory law 4. Analyze the impact of U.S. Supreme Court decisions on the American governmental system. A. Marbury v Madison B. McCulloch v Maryland C. Gibbons v Ogden D. Brown v Board of Education E. Roe v Wade F. judicial activism G. judicial restraint H. opinions of the court 5.