FHCE 3100 1st EditionExam # 3 Study Guide Lectures: 14-21Lecture 14 The Obesity Epidemic More likely to die from this than Ebola  This is in our control for most of us State-specific prevalence of obesity amount US adults, by race/ethnicity, 2006—2008  DEFINITION: Body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher  BMI: a measure of an adult’s weight in relation to his or her height, specifically the adult’s weightin kilograms divided by the square of his or her height in meters One expert places obesity-related medical costs at around $190 billion annually  Overall, on average, persons who are obese spend #3,271 per year more for medical care than did normal weight people  By 2018 Rising obesity will cost US health care $244 billion a year  Obesity and Medical Costs Nearly 21% of US medical costs can be blamed on obesity, according to new research (Cornell University) *so 1/5  Men and Women  Obese men rack up an additional $1,152 per year in medical costs  Obese women spend an additional $3,613 per year  Women carry extra weight in different places  Obesity has risen 34% since 1960 Diseases and Conditions caused or complicated by obesity Hypertension (high blood pressure—having to work harder) Type 2 diabetes  Coronary heart disease  Stroke  Gallbladder disease Osteoarthritis Sleep apnea and respiratory problems You fall asleep and stop breathing  Some cancers (endometrial, breast and colon)  Obesity and Tax dollars Many of these “obesity dollars” are being spent through the Medicare and Medicaid programs  Medicaid is for low income and 100% funded by tax dollars, Medicare is for elderly  Programs that are funded by tax dollars 1.45% of paycheck for Medicare  Children and Obesity In just two decades, the prevalence of overweight doubled for US children from 6 to 11—from 7% to 18% Teenagers and Obesity In just two decades, the prevalence of overweight American teenagers has QUADRUPLED Childhood obesity alone is responsible for $14 billion in direct medical costs  *Health care costs go up every year, everyone is bearing the burden  Obesity in Youth For white Americans, 17.5% of males and 14.7% of females  For black Americans, 22.6% of males and 24.8% of females For Mexican Americans, 28.9% of males and 18.6% of females  So what? Why do you as a young consumer care about conditions caused by the country being overweight?  Because we are paying for it!  When we are in the work force obesity will have risen even more  Obesity and work $164 billion—The Society of Actuaries estimates that US employers are losing this amount in productivity each year due to obesity-related issues with employees  $6.4 billion—every year, this amount is estimated to be lost due to employee absenteeism related to obesity  Employers can now charge obese/overweight employees an additional 30-50% more for their health insurance should the employee refuse to participate in a wellness program designed to lose weight  Ex. Wells Fargo has gym and rewards employees who use it with less health insurance amount  Obesity on the road Vehicles carrying around obese overweight Americans burn almost one billion additional gallons of gasoline each year (nearly 1% of total gasoline usage)  This also affects the environment  Obesity in the air $1 billion—US airlines are consuming an extra 350 million gallons of fuel per year due to overweight passengers  You know WHAT obesity is…now WHERE is it?  1995—the west side is all less obese than east b/c they are outdoors more (except Georgia and upper east), obese then was 15-20%  2000—now 20% or more exists, Georgia is here, Colorado is still 10-14% 2005—now 30-34% exists, here is Louisiana and Mississippi, think about poverty in the south, also west Virginia, *Direct correlation between poverty and obesity  2009—the most obese area has expanded, now into Oklahoma, Tennessee, etc. and surroundingareas  highest diabetes rate down in the south (GA, MI, AL)  69% of US adults are overweight or obese (BMI > 25)  Obesity and College  In a study funded by the FCS college researchers discovered that UGA students are willing to grade overweight students’ papers/presentations lower just because they are overweight (Moorman & Wicks-Smith)  Today’s Consumption Behavior Consumer choices are determined by: Tastes and preferences Habit and convenience Culture, emotions and values  Cost Nutrition, health benefits and body image  Innovation and marketing  Who can forget… Green ketchup in 2000, this did not last very long  Discussion pointsLecture 15Food and Beverage consumption Spending on food:  According to CE, consumer spending on food dropped 10% between 1990 and 2000  Food spending by US households declined an additional 5% between 2006 and 2009 THIS is a big deal…spending on food is an indication of how healthy our economy is  It is also an indication of how healthy WE are Food Spending and Obesity  Low-income families frequently lack full-service grocery stores and farmers’ markets in their neighborhoods  Healthy food is often more expensive, whereas refined grains, added sugars, and fats aregenerally inexpensive and readily available in low-income communities  A 2002 study of more than 200 neighborhoods found that there are 3x as many supermarkets in wealthy neighborhoods as in poor neighborhoods, and 4x as many supermarkets in predominantly white neighborhoods as in predominantly African-American neighborhoods You need to understand this:  Households with limited resources to buy enough food often try to stretch their food budgets by purchasing cheap, energy-dense foods that are filling—that is, they try to maximize their calories per dollar in order to stave off hunger  While less expensive, energy-dense foods typically have lower nutritional quality and, because of overconsumption of calories, have been linked to obesity  Lower income neighborhoods have fewer physical activity resources including fewer parks, green spaces, bike paths, and recreational facilities, making it difficult to lead a physically active lifestyle Families face: crime, traffic, and unsafe playground equipment Annual expenditure on food (in and out of the house) in 2013 $126.96 per week $50.78 per person/hr  In the