ASTR 151 1st EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 7 - 21- Termso Orbital Periodo Rotational Periodo Rilleo Scarp- Eartho Mass = 6x10^24kgo Radius = 6,371,000mo Density= 5500kg/m^3o Has intrinsic magnetic fieldo Was once molten Most dense metals sank into the coreo Ionosphere Ionized particles block solar radiation Good conductoro Hydrosphere All water on surfaceo Atmosphere Chlorofluorocarbons Greenhouse Effect- Infrared radiation is trapped Blues Sky- Rayleigh Scatteringo Scatters light from the Suno Oxygen absorbs wavelength at the UV spectrumo Magnetosphere Van Allen Belts- Charged particles are trapped and spiral around magnetic field lineso Troposphere Weather is a result of convection Cool air goes down, warm air goes up o Thin Crust Tectonic Activity- Collisions- Subduction- Shearing- Moving apart Pressure Waves Earthquakes Body Waves- Travels through the interior of the crust- Gets refracted depending on the density Shear Waves- Slower than body waves- Travels across the surfaceo Mantleo Two-part Core- Moono Density 3300 relatively low May be due to the material torn from Eartho Has craterso No magnetic fieldo Crust is much thicker than Earth`so Has maria only on the near sideo Tides Sun has less effect because it`s farther away, it only modifies it`s effect on the Earth Moon its Tidally locked to the Earth- Venuso Has intrinsic magnetic fieldo Has no Moonso Rotates on it`s axis counterclockwise (retrograde) 243 earth days Solar day = 117 earth dayso Hottest planet in the solar system (735Kelvin)o Has atmosphere Solid cloud bank 50-70 above suface- Made of sulfuric acid Mostly carbon dioxide- Nitrogeno Density 5200o No tectonic plateso Has mantleo Volcanoes on Venus are shielded volcanoes Magma bursts though the crusts and cools down before overflowing.- This makes mountains- Mercuryo Density 5400o Not tidally locked to the Sun It`s orbit is eccentric- See Kepler`s 2nd lawo Has craterso Has weak magnetic field Due to molten coreo It`s day and year has a 3:2 resonanceo Caloris Basin Large impact feature on opposite side of the planet (weird terrain)o Has phases Can only be seen when it`s at its maximum elongationo Has no Moons- Marso Has atmosphere Mostly carbon dioxide but very thino Has elliptical orbit like Mercuryo Tharsis bulgeo Borealis Basino Used to have water millions of years ago Northern polar cap Now it has frozen (permafrost) Or dried off Volcanic activity melts ice causing flash floods Outflow channels Gullyo Minimal cratering, youngest surface of the planetso Has the largest mountains in the solar system Southern Hemisphereo Chryse Plantillao Has two Moons Deimos – 5.556m/s Phobos – 11.39m/so Has seasons Has polar ice caps depending on the time/ location on it`s orbit Carbon dioxide changes depending on how much freezes in the wintero Density
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