UGC 112 1st Edition Lecture 9 Outline of Current Lecture I. China’s Cultural ShadowII. China and the ‘Inside’ WorldIII. China and the Outside WorldIV. China as the Regional SuperpowerV. Causes of Ming DeclineVI. Timeline: Important PointsCurrent LectureChina’s Cultural ShadowJapan, Korea and Vietnam- Imperial Model- East Asian values- Economics-politics link—China is successful economically and will thus exert political influence.- Military Mobilization—there is a lot of importance in security for China. Police and other forces help to ensure cooperationo Symbol on flag of Korea: Yin-Yang… rep distinct parts like male-female, day-night. These are complementary parts. Ohayoo GozaimasuJapaneseOr, Simply, ‘Ohio’Most important literary figure—Lady Murasaki. She wrote the Tale of Genji in the year 1000. It gave a vivid portrayal of what life was like in the court at that time. This name was a pseudonym. Major points taken away from map of East Asia in 1200: Japan is unified. An important factor in Japans history, In-land Sea makes communication easy. Korea is unified with no clear dividing line. China is ruledby the southern group.Notice what was not in China that is in contemporary China at that point? These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.China and ‘inside’ worldSong political successesEconomic growthChina was the economic centerTake the year 1078, more than 1000 years ago, China produced as much steel as did all of Europein the year 1700. Fine porcelain was being producedGold and paper—gold came from East Africa. Get gold from Africa to West China how? Sung dynasty wasusing paper. It was easier to transport. Paper money can be a sign of inflation. Silver stands in between gold and paper. Once Spanish had come to control parts of western hem, silver and gold disappeared…vanilla became one of the world’s greatest ports. All of this influx from overseas destabilized the currency. This was issue Ming dynasty had to deal withMandate of Heaven—must rule justly, had to be seen as legitimateChina and Outside WorldChinese and Barbarian picture…barbarian is on his knees. He is doing “kow tow”—1838. Keep this in mind when we come to British invasion of China. o Neighbors—on the seaside were Japan and Korea. Japan and china are engaged in a huge struggle right now over who controls islands, uninhabited, and over rocks. The US said we would defend junctions with the Japanese. Important current event.Neighbors to the north and to the west: nomads—people who could move quickly: Manchus.Neighbors to the southwest (?)—Tibetans. o Identity—sometimes was by means of conquest or emulation, assimilation (outside dynasty would come in and be absorbed) these were used to Cynify:o Japan and Korea—Japan looked like it was unified. Wasn’t actually unified until 1603. (Touogowawill be talked about later)Japan had and still has an emperor. The myth in Japan is that the line of descent has been brokensince BCE. Korea was not nearly as significant at this point before year 1000.o Southeast Asia—at the crossroads of all sorts of influences. Notion of emperor, imperial system,and examinations… this was strongest in Vietnam. War of 1968…o Singapore is 75 percent Chinese, Malaysia=Muslim state. Diversity in Philippines.Thailand and Cambodia, Burma=Buddhist.China as the Regional Super-PowerShip: 440 feet long, Columbus’ vessels 100 feet long, these ships had 8 masks. o The “central kingdom”: Chinao Leading civilization, recall it is the “world’s most successful”o Go to the imperial city. See line in middle of it.o “Cultural penumbra”—spread widelyo Tribute systemVery interesting notion of trade and diplomacy. In order to trade in china, another society had to pay china for the privilege. The barbarian in the picture was presenting some form of tribute. This was a very important system!o Yongle Emperor and Zheng He—emperor 1402 to 1424?o He moved the capital of Beijing. WE can date the start of the capital of Beijing. He was Muslim… he was a unit. He was admiral in command of those huge ships.China had money and might. Reason to protect itself internally and externally. Regional superpower. China was its equivalent in East Asia as us is to Canada and Mexico. As US is indeed to Central America, as Germany is to the European unionLooking at voyages: major ports—Arabian Peninsula, up to MeccaOver 25 plus yearsCauses of Ming DeclineExternal Pressures: nibbling away at frontiers. Great wall falls into disrepair, corruption creeps in. 1. Nomads in the north 2. Internal decayHuang He (yellow river), so much dirt comes down it… raising levies.3. Destabilization of Currency: inflationPorcelain production along the coast was very important. Where are the agricultural areas? Most of china cannot be farmed very well. Need water and rivers for that, adequate rainfall… Sitchwan (sp), north china plain, can find these conditions.Time Line: Important Pointso Thomas Edison filed his first patent, for an automatic vote-recording machine: 1868o Thomas Edison filed patent for the incandescent light bulb: 1879.o An AC induction motor is featured in a paper published by Galileo Ferraris and is patented in the US by Nikola Tesla: 1888o Ferdinand Porsche creates the first hybrid vehicle, 1899o Karoly Ereky, a Hungarian agricultural engineer, first uses the word biotechnology: 1919o John Logie Baird transmits the first television signal,